| 11.—(1) Subject to subsection (3), the provisions of this Act shall have effect, in relation to any person, whatever his nationality or citizenship, outside as well as within Singapore. [Act 22 of 2017 wef 01/06/2017] | (2) Where an offence under this Act is committed by any person in any place outside Singapore, he may be dealt with as if the offence had been committed within Singapore. |
(3) For the purposes of this section, this Act applies if —| (a) | for the offence in question, the accused was in Singapore at the material time; | | (b) | for the offence in question (being one under section 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8), the computer, program or data was in Singapore at the material time; or | | (c) | the offence causes, or creates a significant risk of, serious harm in Singapore. [Act 22 of 2017 wef 01/06/2017] |
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(4) In subsection (3)(c), “serious harm in Singapore” means —| (a) | illness, injury or death of individuals in Singapore; | | (b) | a disruption of, or a serious diminution of public confidence in, the provision of any essential service within the meaning of section 15A(12) in Singapore; | | (c) | a disruption of, or a serious diminution of public confidence in, the performance of any duty or function of, or the exercise of any power by, the Government, an Organ of State, a statutory board, or a part of the Government, an Organ of State or a statutory board; or | | (d) | damage to the national security, defence or foreign relations of Singapore.| Example 1.— The following are examples of acts that seriously diminish or create a significant risk of seriously diminishing public confidence in the provision of an essential service: |
| | (a) publication to the public of the medical records of patients of a hospital in Singapore; |
| | (b) providing to the public access to the account numbers of customers of a bank in Singapore. |
| | Example 2.— The following are examples of acts that seriously diminish or create a significant risk of seriously diminishing public confidence in the performance of any duty or function of, or the exercise of any power by, the Government, an Organ of State, a statutory board, or a part of the Government, an Organ of State or a statutory board: |
| | (a) providing to the public access to confidential documents belonging to a ministry of the Government; |
| | (b) publication to the public of the access codes for a computer belonging to a statutory board. |
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[Act 22 of 2017 wef 01/06/2017] |
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(5) For the purposes of subsection (3)(c), it is immaterial whether the offence that causes the serious harm in Singapore —| (a) | causes such harm directly; or | | (b) | is the only or main cause of the harm. [Act 22 of 2017 wef 01/06/2017] |
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| (6) In subsection (4)(c), “statutory board” means a body corporate or unincorporate established by or under any public Act to perform or discharge a public function. [Act 22 of 2017 wef 01/06/2017] |
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