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(This paragraph applies to ships constructed on or after 1 January 2016) |
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(1) | Ventilation ducts, including single and double wall ducts, must be of steel or equivalent material, except flexible bellows of short length not exceeding 600 mm used for connecting fans to the ducting in air‑conditioning rooms. Unless expressly provided otherwise in paragraph (g)(i)(6), any other material used in the construction of ducts, including insulation, must also be non‑combustible. However, short ducts, not generally exceeding 2 m in length and with a free cross‑sectional area* not exceeding 0.02 m2, need not be of steel or equivalent material, subject to the following conditions: |
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(A) | the ducts must be made of non‑combustible material, which may be faced internally and externally with membranes having low flame‑spread characteristics and, in each case, a calorific value** not exceeding 45 MJ/m2 of the ducts’ surface area for the thickness used; |
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(B) | the ducts are only used at the end of the ventilation device; |
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(C) | the ducts must be situated at least 600 mm, measured along the duct, from an opening in an “A” or “B” class division, including continuous “B” class ceiling. |
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| * The term “free cross‑sectional area” means, even in the case of a pre‑insulated duct, the area calculated on the basis of the inner dimensions of the duct itself and not the insulation. |
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| ** Refer to the recommendations published by the International Organization for Standardization, in particular publication ISO 1716:2002, Reaction to the Fire Tests for Building Products – Determination of the Heat of Combustion. |
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(2) | The following arrangements must be tested in accordance with the Fire Test Procedures Code: |
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(A) | Fire dampers, including their relevant means of operation. However, the testing is not required for fire dampers located at the lower end of the duct in exhaust ducts for galley ranges (which must be of steel and capable of stopping the draught in the duct). |
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(B) | Duct penetrations through “A” class divisions. However, the test is not required where steel sleeves are directly joined to ventilation ducts by means of riveted or screwed connections or by welding. |
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(3) | Fire dampers must be easily accessible. Where they are placed behind ceilings or linings, these ceilings or linings must be provided with an inspection hatch on which the identification number of the fire damper is marked. The fire damper identification number must also be marked on any remote controls provided. |
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(4) | Ventilation ducts must be provided with hatches for inspection and cleaning. The hatches must be located near the fire dampers. |
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(5) | The main inlets and outlets of ventilation systems must be capable of being closed from outside the spaces being ventilated. The means of closing must be easily accessible as well as prominently and permanently marked and must indicate the operating position of the closing device. |
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(6) | Combustible gaskets in flanged ventilation duct connections are not permitted within 600 mm of openings in “A” or “B” class divisions and in ducts required to be of “A” class construction. |
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(7) | Ventilation openings or air balance ducts between two enclosed spaces must not be provided except as permitted by paragraphs (d)(i)(2)(A) and (d)(ii)(3). |
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(1) | The ventilation systems for machinery spaces of category A, vehicle spaces, ro‑ro spaces, galleys, special category spaces and cargo spaces must, in general, be separated from each other and from the ventilation systems serving other spaces. However, the galley ventilation systems on cargo ships of less than 4,000 gross tonnage and in passenger ships carrying not more than 36 passengers need not be completely separated from other ventilation systems, but may be served by separate ducts from a ventilation unit serving other spaces. In such a case, an automatic fire damper must be fitted in the galley ventilation duct near the ventilation unit. |
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(2) | Ducts provided for the ventilation of machinery spaces of category A, galleys, vehicle spaces, ro‑ro spaces or special category spaces must not pass through accommodation spaces, service spaces, or control stations, unless they comply with paragraph (g)(ii)(4). |
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(3) | Ducts provided for the ventilation of accommodation spaces, service spaces or control stations must not pass through machinery spaces of category A, galleys, vehicle spaces, ro‑ro spaces or special category spaces, unless they comply with paragraph (g)(ii)(4). |
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(4) | As permitted by paragraphs (g)(ii)(2) and (g)(ii)(3), ducts must be either — |
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| constructed of steel having a thickness of at least 3 mm for ducts with a free cross‑sectional area of less than 0.075 m2, at least 4 mm for ducts with a free cross‑sectional area of between 0.075 m2 and 0.45 m2, and at least 5 mm for ducts with a free cross‑sectional area of over 0.45 m2; |
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| suitably supported and stiffened; |
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| fitted with automatic fire dampers close to the boundaries penetrated; and |
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| insulated to “A‑60” class standard from the boundaries of the spaces they serve to a point at least 5 m beyond each fire damper; |
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| constructed of steel in accordance with paragraphs (g)(ii)(4)(A)(I) and (g)(ii)(4)(A)(II); and |
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| insulated to “A‑60” class standard throughout the spaces they pass through, except for ducts that pass through spaces of category (9) or (10) as defined in paragraph (b)(ii)(3)(B)(II). |
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(5) | For the purposes of paragraphs (g)(ii)(4)(A)(IV) and (g)(ii)(4)(B)(II), ducts must be insulated over their entire cross‑sectional external surface. Ducts that are outside but adjacent to the specified space, and share one or more surfaces with the space, are considered to pass through the specified space and must be insulated over the surface they share with the space for a distance of 450 mm past the duct*. |
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(6) | Where it is necessary that a ventilation duct passes through a main vertical zone division, an automatic fire damper must be fitted adjacent to the division. The damper must also be capable of being manually closed from each side of the division. The control location must be readily accessible and be clearly and prominently marked. The duct between the division and the damper must be constructed of steel in accordance with paragraphs (g)(ii)(4)(A)(I) and (g)(ii)(4)(A)(II) and insulated to at least the same fire integrity as the division penetrated. The damper must be fitted on at least one side of the division with a visible indicator showing the operating position of the damper. |
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| * Sketches of such arrangements are contained in the Unified Interpretations of SOLAS Chapter II‑2 (MSC.1/Circ.1276). |
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(iii) | Details of fire dampers and duct penetrations |
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(1) | Ducts passing through “A” class divisions must meet the following requirements: |
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(A) | Where a thin plated duct with a free cross‑sectional area equal to, or less than, 0.02 m2 passes through “A” class divisions, the opening must be fitted with a steel sheet sleeve having a thickness of at least 3 mm and a length of at least 200 mm, divided preferably into 100 mm on each side of a bulkhead or, in the case of a deck, wholly laid on the lower side of the decks penetrated. |
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(B) | Where ventilation ducts with a free cross‑sectional area exceeding 0.02 m2, but not more than 0.075 m2, pass through “A” class divisions, the openings must be lined with steel sheet sleeves. The ducts and sleeves must have a thickness of at least 3 mm and a length of at least 900 mm. When passing through bulkheads, this length must be divided preferably into 450 mm on each side of the bulkhead. These ducts, or sleeves lining such ducts, must be provided with fire insulation. The insulation must have at least the same fire integrity as the division through which the duct passes. |
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(C) | Automatic fire dampers must be fitted in all ducts with a free cross‑sectional area exceeding 0.075 m2 that pass through “A” class divisions. Each damper must be fitted close to the division penetrated and the duct between the damper and the division penetrated must be constructed of steel in accordance with paragraphs (g)(ii)(4)(B)(I) and (g)(ii)(4)(B)(II). The fire damper must operate automatically, but must also be capable of being closed manually from both sides of the division. The damper must be fitted with a visible indicator which shows the operating position of the damper. Fire dampers are not required, however, where ducts pass through spaces surrounded by “A” class divisions, without serving those spaces, provided those ducts have the same fire integrity as the divisions which they penetrate. A duct of cross‑sectional area exceeding 0.075 m2 must not be divided into smaller ducts at the penetration of an “A” class division and then recombined into the original duct once through the division to avoid installing the damper required by this provision. |
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(2) | Ventilation ducts with a free cross‑sectional area exceeding 0.02 m2 passing through “B” class bulkheads must be lined with steel sheet sleeves of 900 mm in length, divided preferably into 450 mm on each side of the bulkheads, unless the duct is of steel for this length. |
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(3) | All fire dampers must be capable of manual operation. The dampers must have a direct mechanical means of release or, alternatively, be closed by electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic operation. All dampers must be manually operable from both sides of the division. Automatic fire dampers, including those capable of remote operation, must have a failsafe mechanism that will close the damper in a fire even upon loss of electrical power or hydraulic or pneumatic pressure loss. Remotely operated fire dampers must be capable of being reopened manually at the damper. |
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(iv) | Ventilation systems for passenger ships carrying more than 36 passengers |
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(1) | In addition to the requirements in paragraphs (g)(i), (g)(ii) and (g)(iii), the ventilation system of a passenger ship carrying more than 36 passengers must also meet the following requirements. |
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(2) | In general, the ventilation fans must be so arranged that the ducts reaching the various spaces remain within a main vertical zone. |
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(3) | Stairway enclosures must be served by an independent ventilation fan and duct system (exhaust and supply) which must not serve any other spaces in the ventilation system. |
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(4) | A duct, irrespective of its cross‑section, serving more than one ‘tween‑deck accommodation space, service space or control station, must be fitted, near the penetration of each deck of such spaces, with an automatic smoke damper that must also be capable of being closed manually from the protected deck above the damper. Where a fan serves more than one ‘tween‑deck space through separate ducts within a main vertical zone, each duct must be dedicated to a single ‘tween‑deck space and each duct must be provided with a manually operated smoke damper fitted close to the fan. |
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(5) | Vertical ducts must, if necessary, be insulated as required by Tables 9.1 and 9.2. Ducts must be insulated as required for decks between the space they serve and the space being considered, as applicable. |
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(v) | Exhaust ducts from galley ranges |
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(1) | Requirements for passenger ships carrying more than 36 passengers |
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(A) | In addition to the requirements in paragraphs (g)(i), (g)(ii) and (g)(iii), exhaust ducts from galley ranges must be constructed in accordance with paragraphs (g)(ii)(4)(B)(I) and (g)(ii)(4)(B)(II) and insulated to “A‑60” class standard throughout accommodation spaces, service spaces, or control stations they pass through. They must also be fitted with — |
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(I) | a grease trap readily removable for cleaning, unless an alternative approved grease removal system is fitted; |
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(II) | a fire damper located in the lower end of the duct at the junction between the duct and the galley range hood which is automatically and remotely operated and, in addition, a remotely operated fire damper located in the upper end of the duct close to the outlet of the duct; |
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(III) | a fixed means for extinguishing a fire within the duct*; |
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| * Refer to the recommendations published by the International Organization for Standardization, in particular publication ISO 15371:2009, Ships and Marine Technology – Fire‑extinguishing Systems for Protection of Galley Cooking Equipment. |
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(IV) | remote‑control arrangements for shutting off the exhaust fans and supply fans, for operating the fire dampers mentioned in paragraph (g)(v)(1)(A)(II) and for operating the fire‑extinguishing system, which must be placed in a position outside the galley close to the entrance to the galley. Where a multi‑branch system is installed, a remote means located with the above controls must be provided to close all branches exhausting through the same main duct before an extinguishing medium is released into the system; and |
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(V) | suitably located hatches for inspection and cleaning, including one provided close to the exhaust fan and one fitted in the lower end where grease accumulates. |
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(B) | Exhaust ducts from ranges for cooking equipment installed on open decks must conform to paragraph (g)(v)(1)(A), as applicable, when passing through accommodation spaces or spaces containing combustible materials. |
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(2) | Requirements for cargo ships and passenger ships carrying not more than 36 passengers |
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| When passing through accommodation spaces or spaces containing combustible materials, the exhaust ducts from galley ranges must be constructed in accordance with paragraphs (g)(ii)(4)(A)(I) and (g)(ii)(4)(A)(II). Each exhaust duct must be fitted with — |
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(A) | a grease trap readily removable for cleaning; |
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(B) | an automatically and remotely operated fire damper located in the lower end of the duct at the junction between the duct and the galley range hood and, in addition, a remotely operated fire damper in the upper end of the duct close to the outlet of the duct; |
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(C) | arrangements, operable from within the galley, for shutting off the exhaust and supply fans; and |
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(D) | fixed means for extinguishing a fire within the duct.* |
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| * Refer to the recommendations published by the International Organization for Standardization, in particular publication ISO 15371:2009, Ships and Marine Technology – Fire‑extinguishing Systems for Protection of Galley Cooking Equipment. |
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(vi) | Ventilation rooms serving machinery spaces of category “A” containing internal combustion machinery |
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(1) | Where a ventilation room serves only an adjacent machinery space of category “A” containing internal combustion machinery and there is no fire division between the ventilation room and the machinery space, the means for closing the ventilation duct serving the machinery space must be located outside of the ventilation room and machinery space. |
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(2) | Where a ventilation room serves a machinery space of category “A” containing internal combustion machinery, as well as other spaces, and is separated from the machinery space by a “A‑0” class division, including penetrations, the means for closing the ventilation duct for the machinery space can be located in the ventilation room. |
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(vii) | Ventilation systems for laundries in passenger ships carrying more than 36 passengers |
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| Exhaust ducts from laundries and drying rooms of category (13) spaces as defined in paragraph (b)(ii)(3)(B)(II) must be fitted with — |
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(1) | filters readily removable for cleaning purposes; |
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(2) | a fire damper located in the lower end of the duct which is automatically and remotely operated; |
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(3) | remote‑control arrangements for shutting off the exhaust fans and supply fans from within the space and for operating the fire damper mentioned in paragraph (g)(vii)(2); and |
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(4) | suitably located hatches for inspection and cleaning.”. |
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