Food Regulations - Singapore Statutes Online

EIGHTH SCHEDULE

Regulation 28(2)

Part 1

Permitted general purpose food additives

Acetic acid;

Acetone;

Adipic acid;

Ammonium bicarbonate;

Ammonium carbonate;

Ammonium hydroxide;

Ammonium phosphate (mono- and di-basic);

Ammonium sulphate;

Aspartame;

Beeswax;

Calcium carbonate;

Calcium chloride;

Calcium citrate;

Calcium gluconate;

Calcium hydroxide;

Calcium lactate;

Calcium phosphate (mono-, di-and tri-basic);

Calcium sulphate;

Candelilla wax;

Carbon dioxide;

Carnauba wax;

Citric acid;

Cyclotetraglucose;

Cyclotetraglucose syrup;

Erythritol;

Fumaric acid;

Glucono delta-lactone;

Glycerin or Glycerol;

Glycerol esters of citric, lactic and tartaric acids;

Helium;

High fructose syrup;

Hydrochloric acid;

Hydrogen peroxide;

Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate (polyglycitol syrup);

Isomalt;

Lactic acid;

Lactitol;

Magnesium carbonate;

Magnesium chloride;

Magnesium oxide;

Magnesium hydroxide;

Magnesium hydroxide carbonate;

Magnesium lactate;

Magnesium stearate;

Magnesium sulphate;

Malic acid;

Maltitol;

Maltitol syrup (hydrogenated glucose syrup);

Mannitol;

Nitrogen;

Nitrous oxide;

Oligofructose (from chicory root);

Peracetic acid;

Phosphoric acid;

Polydextrose;

Polyethylene glycol;

Polyvinylpyrrolidone, insoluble (polyvinylpolypyrrolidone);

Potassium acid tartrate;

Potassium bicarbonate;

Potassium carbonate;

Potassium chloride;

Potassium citrate;

Potassium hydroxide;

Potassium sulphate;

Propylene glycol;

Pullulan;

Shellac;

Silica aerogel;

Sodium acetate;

Sodium acid sulphate (sodium hydrogen sulphate);

Sodium chloride;

Sodium aluminium phosphate;

Sodium bicarbonate;

Sodium carbonate;

Sodium citrate;

Sodium fumarate;

Sodium hydroxide;

Sodium phosphate (mono-, di-and tri-basic);

Sodium potassium tartrate;

Sodium pyrophosphate;

Sodium sesquicarbonate;

Sodium sulphate;

Sodium tartrate;

Sorbitol;

Sorbitol syrup;

Succinic acid;

Sucrose esters of fatty acids;

Sucrose oligoesters, type I and type II;

Sulphuric acid;

Sulphurous acid;

Tartaric acid;

Thaumatin;

Trehalose;

Triammonium citrate;

Xylitol.

[S 59/2019 wef 01/02/2019]

Part 2

PERMITTED ENZYMES

(A)

Enzymes derived from animal sources

Enzyme

EC Number

Source

Catalase

1.11.1.6

Bovine liver

Lactoperoxidase

1.11.1.7

Bovine milk

Lipase, triacylglycerol

3.1.1.3

Bovine stomach; salivary glands or forestomach of calf, kid or lamb; porcine or bovine pancreas

Lysozyme

3.2.1.17

Egg whites

Pancreatin (or pancreatic elastase)

3.4.21.36

Pancreas of the hog or ox

Pepsin

3.4.23.1

Bovine or porcine stomach

Phospholipase A2

3.1.1.4

Porcine pancreas

Rennet

3.4.23.4

Aqueous extracts from the fourth stomach of calves, kids, lambs, and adult bovine animals, sheep and goats

Thrombin

3.4.21.5

Bovine or porcine blood

Trypsin

3.4.21.4

Porcine or bovine pancreas

(B)

Enzymes derived from plant sources

Enzyme

EC Number

Source

Alpha-amylase

3.2.1.1

Malted cereals

Actinidin

3.4.22.14

Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)

Beta-amylase

3.2.1.2

Malted cereals

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)

Bromelain

3.4.22.4

Pineapple fruit/stem (Ananas comosus and Ananas bracteatus (L))

Ficin

3.4.22.3

Ficus spp.

Lipoxidase

1.13.11.12

Soyabean whey or meal

Papain

3.4.22.2

Carica papaya (L) (Fam. Caricaceae)

(C)

Enzymes derived from microbial sources

Enzyme

EC Number

Production organism

Donor organism

Donor gene

1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme

2.4.1.18

Bacillus subtilis

Rhodothermus obamensis

1,4‑alpha‑glucan branching enzyme

Geobacillus stearothermophilus²

Alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase

4.1.1.5

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Bacillus licheniformis

Bacillus brevis

Alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase

Bacillus subtilis

Bacillus brevis

Alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase

Alpha, alpha‑trehalase

3.2.1.28

Trichoderma longibrachiatum³

Alpha, alpha‑trehalase

Alpha-amylase

3.2.1.1

Aspergillus niger¹

Alpha-amylase

Aspergillus niger¹

Rhizomucor pusillus

Alpha-amylase

Aspergillus oryzae

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Alpha-amylase

Bacillus licheniformis

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Alpha-amylase

Bacillus licheniformis

Alpha-amylase

Bacillus licheniformis

Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Alpha-amylase

Bacillus licheniformis

Geobacillus stearothermophilus²

Alpha-amylase

Bacillus licheniformis

Pseudomonas stutzeri

Alpha-amylase

Bacillus subtilis

Bacillus megaterium

Alpha-amylase

Bacillus subtilis

Alicyclobacillus pohliae

Alpha-amylase

Bacillus subtilis

Geobacillus stearothermophilus²

Alpha-amylase

Geobacillus stearothermophilus²

Alpha-amylase

Microbacterium imperiale

Pseudomonas fluorescens

Thermococcales

Alpha-amylase

Rhizopus oryzae

Trichoderma longibrachiatum³

Aspergillus kawachii

Alpha-amylase

Alpha-arabinofuranosidase

3.2.1.55

Aspergillus niger¹

Alpha-galactosidase

3.2.1.22

Aspergillus niger¹

Alpha-glucosidase (or maltase)

3.2.1.20

Aspergillus niger¹

Aspergillus oryzae

Trichoderma longibrachiatum³

Aspergillus niger¹

Alpha-glucosidase (or maltase)

Aminopeptidase

3.4.11.1

Aspergillus oryzae

Lactocococcus lactis

Amylomaltase

2.4.1.25

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Thermus thermophilus

Amylomaltase

Aqualysin 1

3.4.21.111

Bacillus subtilis

Thermus aquaticus

Aqualysin 1

Asparaginase

3.5.1.1

Aspergillus niger¹

Asparaginase

Aspergillus oryzae

Asparaginase

Bacillus subtilis

Pyrococcus furiosus

Asparaginase

Aspergillopepsin I

3.4.23.18

Aspergillus niger¹

Aspergillus oryzae

Trichoderma longibrachiatum³

Aspergillopepsin I

Aspergillopepsin II

3.4.23.19

Aspergillus niger¹

Beta-amylase

3.2.1.2

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Bacillus licheniformis

Bacillus flexus

Beta-amylase

Bacillus subtilis

Beta-fructofuranosidase (invertase or saccharase)

3.2.1.26

Aspergillus japonicus

Aspergillus niger¹

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Beta-galactosidase (or lactase)

3.2.1.23

Aspergillus niger¹

Aspergillus oryzae

Beta-galactosidase (or lactase)

Aspergillus oryzae

Bacillus circulans ATCC 31382

Bacillus licheniformis

Bifidobacterium bifidum

Beta-galactosidase (or lactase)

Bacillus subtilis

Bifidobacterium bifidum

Beta-galactosidase (or lactase)

Kluyveromyces lactis⁴

Kluyveromyces marxianus⁵

Saccharomyces sp.

Beta-glucanase (endo-beta glucanase or endo-1,3-beta-glucanase)

3.2.1.6

Aspergillus niger¹

Aspergillus oryzae

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Beta-glucanase (endo-beta glucanase or endo-1,3-beta-glucanase)

Bacillus subtilis

Beta-glucanase (endo-beta glucanase or endo-1,3-beta-glucanase)

Disporotrichum dimorphosphorum

Humicola insolens

Rasamsonia emersonii⁶

Trichoderma longibrachiatum³

Beta-glucosidase

3.2.1.21

Aspergillus niger¹

Carboxylesterase

3.1.1.1

Rhizomucor miehei⁷

Carboxypeptidase C

3.4.16.5

Aspergillus niger¹

Carboxypeptidase C

Catalase

1.11.1.6

Aspergillus niger¹

Catalase

Micrococcus luteus⁸

Cellulase

3.2.1.4

Aspergillus niger¹

Penicillium funiculosum

Rasamsonia emersonii⁶

Trichoderma longibrachiatum³

Cellulase

Trichoderma viride

Chymosin

3.4.23.4

Aspergillus niger¹

Aspergillus niger var. awamori

Camelus dromedarius

Chymosin

Escherichia coli K-12 strain GE81

Kluyveromyces lactis⁴

Calf prochymosin B

Chymosin

Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase

2.4.1.19

Bacillus licheniformis

Thermoanaerobacter sp.

Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase

Paenibacillus macerans⁹

Deaminase

3.5.4.6

Aspergillus melleus

Dextranase

3.2.1.11

Chaetomium erraticum

Chaetomium gracile

Penicillium lilacinum

Endo-arabinase

3.2.1.99

Aspergillus niger¹

Endo-protease

3.4.21.26

Aspergillus niger¹

Endo-protease

Glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase

3.2.1.58

Trichoderma harzianum

Endo-1,3-beta-xylanase

3.2.1.32

Humicola insolens

Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase

3.2.1.8

Aspergillus niger¹

Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase

Aspergillus niger¹

Rasamsonia emersonii⁶

Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase

Aspergillus oryzae

Aspergillus aculeatus

Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase

Aspergillus oryzae

Humicola lanuginosa¹⁰

Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Bacillus licheniformis

Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase

Bacillus subtilis

Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase

Bacillus subtilis

Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis

Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase

Disporotrichum dimorphosphorum

Humicola insolens

Rasamsonia emersonii⁶

Trichoderma longibrachiatum³

Aspergillus niger¹

Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase

Trichoderma longibrachiatum³

Aspergillus tubingensis

Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase

Trichoderma longibrachiatum³

Thermopolyspora flexuosa¹¹

Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase

Glucoamylase (or amyloglucosidase)

3.2.1.3

Aspergillus niger¹

Glucoamylase (or amyloglucosidase)

Aspergillus niger¹

Gloeephyllum trabeum

Glucoamylase (or amyloglucosidase)

Aspergillus niger¹

Penicillum oxalicum

Glucoamylase (or amyloglucosidase)

Aspergillus niger¹

Talaromyces emersonii

Glucoamylase (or amyloglucosidase)

Aspergillus niger¹

Trametes cingulata

Glucoamylase (or amyloglucosidase)

Aspergillus oryzae

Rhizopus delemar

Rhizopus niveus

Rhizopus oryzae

Trichoderma longibrachiatum³

Glucoamylase (or amyloglucosidase)

Glucose isomerase (or xylose isomerase)

5.3.1.5

Actinoplanes missouriensis

Bacillus coagulans

Microbacterium arborescens

Streptomyces olivaceus

Streptomyces olivochromogenes

Streptomyces murinus

Streptomyces rubiginosus

Glucose isomerase (or xylose isomerase)

Glucose oxidase

1.1.3.4

Aspergillus niger¹

Glucose oxidase

Aspergillus niger¹

Penicillium chrysogenum

Glucose oxidase

Aspergillus oryzae

Aspergillus niger¹

Glucose oxidase

Penicillium chrysogenum

Glutaminase

3.5.1.2

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Glycerophospholipid cholesterol acyltransferase

2.3.1.43

Bacillus licheniformis

Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida

Glycerophospholipid cholesterol acyltransferase

Hexose oxidase

1.1.3.5

Hansenula polymorpha¹²

Chondrus crispus

Hexose oxidase

Inulinase

3.2.1.7

Aspergillus niger¹

Lipase, monoacylglycerol

3.1.1.23

Penicillium camembertii

Lipase, triacylglycerol

3.1.1.3

Aspergillus niger¹

Candida antarctica

Lipase, triacylglycerol

Aspergillus niger¹

Fusarium culmorum

Lipase, triacylglycerol

Aspergillus oryzae

Fusarium oxysporum

Lipase, triacylglycerol

Aspergillus oryzae

Humicola lanuginosa¹⁰

Lipase, triacylglycerol

Aspergillus oryzae

Rhizomucor miehei⁷

Lipase, triacylglycerol

Aspergillus oryzae

Humicola lanuginosa¹⁰and Fusarium oxysporum

Lipase, triacylglycerol

Candida rugosa

Hansenula polymorpha¹²

Fusarium heterosporum

Lipase, triacylglycerol

Mucor javanicus¹³

Penicillium roquefortii¹⁴

Rhizomucor miehei⁷

Rhizopus arrhizus

Rhizopus niveus

Rhizopus oryzae

Lysophospholipase

3.1.1.5

Aspergillus niger¹

Lysophospholipase

Trichoderma longibrachiatum³

Aspergillus nishimurae

Lysophospholipase

Maltogenic alpha-amylase

3.2.1.133

Bacillus licheniformis

Geobacillus stearothermophilus²

Maltogenic alpha-amylase

Bacillus subtilis

Geobacillus stearothermophilus²

Maltogenic alpha-amylase

Maltotetraohydrolase

3.2.1.60

Bacillus licheniformis

Pseudomonas stutzeri

Maltotetraohydrolase

Mannan endo-1,4-beta-mannosidase

3.2.1.78

Aspergillus niger¹

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Bacillus subtilis

Trichoderma longibrachiatum³

Mannan endo-1,4-beta-mannosidase

Metalloproteinase¹⁵

3.4.24.4

Aspergillus oryzae

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Metalloproteinase

Bacillus coagulans

Bacillus subtilis

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Metalloproteinase

Geobacillus caldoproteolyticus

Geobacillus stearothermophilus²

Mucorpepsin (or aspartic proteinase)

3.4.23.23

Aspergillus oryzae

Rhizomucor miehei⁷

Aspartic proteinase

Cryphonectria parasitica

Rhizomucor miehei⁷

Pectin esterase

3.1.1.11

Aspergillus niger¹

Pectin esterase

Aspergillus oryzae

Aspergillus aculeatus

Pectin esterase

Pectin lyase

4.2.2.10

Aspergillus niger¹

Pectin lyase

Trichoderma longibrachiatum³

Aspergillus niger¹

Pectin lyase

Peroxidase

1.11.1.7

Aspergillus niger¹

Marasmius scorodonius

Peroxidase

Phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C

3.1.4.11

Pseudomonas fluorescens

Isolated from soil

Phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C

Phosphodiesterase I

3.1.4.1

Leptographium procerum

Phospholipase A1

3.1.1.32

Aspergillus oryzae

Fusarium venenatum

Phospholipase A1

Phospholipase A2

3.1.1.4

Aspergillus niger¹

Porcine pancreas

Phospholipase A2

Streptomyces violaceoruber

Trichoderma longibrachiatum³

Aspergillus nishimurae

Phospholipase A2

Phospholipase C

3.1.4.3

Pichia pastoris

Isolated from soil

Phospholipase C

3-Phytase

3.1.3.8

Aspergillus niger¹

3-Phytase

4-Phytase

3.1.3.26

Aspergillus oryzae

Peniophora lycii

4-Phytase

Polygalacturonase (pectinase)

3.2.1.15

Aspergillus niger¹

Polygalacturonase (pectinase)

Aspergillus oryzae

Aspergillus aculeatus

Polygalacturonase (pectinase)

Rhizopus oryzae

Trichoderma longibrachiatum³

Protein-glutaminase

3.5.1.44

Chryseobacterium proteolyticum

Pullulanase

3.2.1.41

Bacillus acidopullulyticus

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Bacillus licheniformis

Bacillus deramificans

Pullulanase

Bacillus subtilis

Bacillus acidopullulyticus

Pullulanase

Bacillus subtilis

Bacillus deramificans

Pullulanase

Bacillus subtilis

Bacillus naganoensis

Pullulanase

Klebsiella pneumoniae¹⁶

Pullulanibacillus sp.

Ribonuclease

3.1.26.5

Penicillium citrinum

Serine proteinase¹⁷

3.4.21.14

Aspergillus melleus

Aspergillus oryzae

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Bacillus halodurans

Bacillus licheniformis

Bacillus subtilis

Serine protease (Chymotrypsin)

3.4.21.1

Bacillus licheniformis

Nocardiopsis prasina

Serine protease (Chymotrypsin)

Serine protease with trypsin specificity

3.4.21.4

Fusarium venenatum

Fusarium oxysporum

Serine protease with trypsin specificity

Tannase

3.1.1.20

Aspergillus oryzae

Transglucosidase

2.4.1.24

Aspergillus niger¹

Trichoderma longibrachiatum³

Aspergillus niger¹

Transglucosidase

Transglutaminase

2.3.2.13

Streptomyces mobaraensis¹⁸

Urease

3.5.1.5

Lactobacillus fermentum

[S 59/2019 wef 01/02/2019]

¹ Aspergillus niger group includes A. aculeatus, A. awamori, A. ficuum, A. foetidus, A. japonicus, A. phoenicis, A. saitor and A. usamii.
² Geobacillus stearothermophilus – former name Bacillus stearothermophilus.
³ Trichoderma longibrachiatum also known as Trichoderma reesei.
⁴ Kluyveromyces lactis – former name Saccharomyces lactis.
⁵ Kluyveromyces marxianus – former names Saccharomyces fragilis and Kluyveromyces fragilis.
⁶ Rasamsonia emersonii – former name Talaromyces emersonii.
⁷ Rhizomucor miehei – former name Mucor miehei.
⁸ Micrococcus luteus – former name Micrococcus lysodeikticus.
⁹ Paenibacillus macerans – former name Bacillus macerans.
¹⁰ Humicola lanuginosa also known as Thermomyces lanuginosus.
¹¹ Thermopolyspora flexuosa – former name Nonomuraea flexuosa.
¹² Hansenula polymorpha also known as Pichia angusta.
¹³ Mucor javanicus also known as Mucor circinelloides f. circinelloides.
¹⁴ Penicillium roquefortii also known as Penicillium roqueforti.
¹⁵ Metalloproteinase (EC 3.4.24.4) includes vibriolysin (EC 3.4.24.25), pseudolysin (EC 3.4.24.26), thermolysin (3.4.24.27), bacillolysin (EC 3.4.24.28), aureolysin (EC 3.4.24.29), coccolysin (EC 3.4.24.30), mycolysin (EC 3.4.24.31), beta-lytic metalloendopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.32), deuterolysin (EC.3.4.24.39), serralysin (EC 3.4.24.40).
¹⁶ Klebsiella pneumoniae – former name Klebsiella aerogenes.
¹⁷ Serine proteinase (EC 3.4.21.14) includes oryzin (EC 3.4.21.63) and subtilisin (EC 3.4.21.62).
¹⁸ Streptomyces mobaraensis – former name Streptoverticillium mobaraense.

[S 59/2019 wef 01/02/2019]

[S 152/2017 wef 01/04/2017]

[S 816/2014 wef 15/12/2014]

[S 493/2013 wef 01/08/2013]

[S 444/2012 wef 03/09/2012]

[S 195/2011 wef 15/04/2011]

[S 704/2020 wef 31/08/2020]

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