Land Titles (Strata) (Amendment) Bill

Bill No. 10/1986

Read the first time on 5th May 1986.
An Act to amend the Land Titles (Strata) Act (Chapter 277 of the Revised Edition).
Be it enacted by the President with the advice and consent of the Parliament of Singapore, as follows:
Short title and commencement
1.  This Act may be cited as the Land Titles (Strata) (Amendment) Act 1986 and shall come into operation on such date as the Minister may, by notification in the Gazette, appoint.
Amendment of section 3
2.  Section 3 of the Land Titles (Strata) Act (referred to in this Act as the principal Act) is amended —
(a)by deleting sub-paragraphs (i) and (ii) of paragraph (c) of the definition of “common property” and substituting the following sub-paragraphs:
“(i)foundations, columns, beams, supports, walls, roofs, lobbies, corridors, stairs, stairways, fire escapes, entrances and exits of the building;
(ii)car parks, recreational or community facilities, gardens, parking areas, roofs, storage spaces and rooms for the use of a management corporation and its members;”;
(b)by inserting, immediately after the definition of “common property”, the following definition:
“ “company” includes —
“(a)any body of persons incorporated in or outside Singapore; or
(b)an unincorporated society, association or other body which under the law of its place of origin may hold property in the name of the society, association or other body or in the name of its secretary or other officer duly appointed for that purpose;”;
(c)by inserting, immediately after the definition of “competent authority”, the following definition:
“ “council”, in relation to a management corporation, means the council of that management corporation;”;
(d)by inserting, immediately after the definition of “flat”, the following definition:
“ “initial period”, in relation to a management corporation, means the period of 24 months commencing on the day on which the management corporation is constituted;”;
(e)by deleting the definition of “management corporation” and substituting the following definitions:
“ “management corporation”, in relation to any one or more subdivided buildings shown on a strata title plan, means the management corporation incorporated for those buildings pursuant to Part IV or pursuant to any corresponding previous written law;
“managing agent” means a managing agent appointed by a management corporation under section 57 or by the Commissioner under section 58;
“Minister” means —
(a)except in Parts IV and VI, the Minister charged with the responsibility for administering this Act; and
(b)in Parts IV and VI, the Minister charged with the responsibility for administering the Buildings and Common Property (Maintenance and Management) Act 1973 (Act 23 of 1973);”;
(f)by deleting the definition of “proprietor” and substituting the following definition:
“ “proprietor”, in relation to land comprised in a strata title plan, means the person who was the proprietor of the land the subject of the strata title plan immediately before the registration of the strata title plan under section 8;”;
(g)by deleting the definition of “special resolution” and substituting the following definitions:
“ “special resolution” means a resolution passed at a duly convened general meeting of a management corporation of which at least 21 days’ notice specifying the proposed resolution has been given and against which not more than one-fourth in value, ascertained in accordance with paragraph 10(2), (3) and (4) of the Third Schedule, of votes is cast;
“strata roll”, in relation to a subdivided building or buildings shown on a strata title plan, means the roll referred to in section 43 which relates to that plan;”;
(h)by deleting “45” in the third line of the definition of “subsidiary certificate of title” and substituting “80”; and
(i)by deleting the definition of “unanimous resolution” and substituting the following definition:
“ “unanimous resolution” means a resolution which is passed at a duly convened general meeting of a management corporation of which at least 21 days’ notice specifying the proposed resolution has been given and against which no vote is cast.”.
Amendment of section 6
3.  Section 6(5) of the principal Act is amended by deleting the words “the provisions of sections 49 and 50 of this Act, the provisions of” in the first and second lines and substituting the words “sections 83, 84, 85 and 86,”.
Repeal and re-enactment of section 7
4.  Section 7 of the principal Act is repealed and the following section substituted therefor:
“Flats not to be sold unless schedule of strata units is filed with and accepted by the Commissioner
7.—(1)  Where planning permission has been granted on or after 15th April 1976 by the relevant authority in respect of any proposed development of land for strata subdivision after the completion of any building thereon, the registered proprietor thereof shall not sell any flat in the building (whether erected or in the course of erection) unless a schedule of strata units showing the proposed share values to be allotted to all the flats in the building has been filed with and accepted by the Commissioner.
(2)  A schedule of strata units filed by the registered proprietor on any land pursuant to subsection (1) shall not be accepted by the Commissioner for filing unless he is satisfied that the proposed share values allotted to all the flats in a building referred to in the schedule are allocated in a just and equitable manner.
(3)  The Commissioner shall consult with the Registrar before accepting any schedule of strata units for filing under this section.
(4)  Where a flat is sold on or after the commencement of the Land Titles (Strata) (Amendment) Act 1986 in contravention of subsection (1), the purchaser of the flat may, notwithstanding anything contained to the contrary in the contract of sale, at any time before the completion of the sale and purchase rescind the contract of sale and in the event that the purchaser elects to rescind the contract, he shall be entitled to recover all moneys paid by him and shall be entitled to recover damages from the vendor.
(5)  Every contract made on or after the commencement of the Land Titles (Strata) (Amendment) Act 1986 for the sale of a flat referred to in a schedule of strata units filed with the Commissioner pursuant to subsection (1) shall be deemed to have included therein a term that the registered proprietor of the land has agreed to sell an undivided share in the land on which the building is erected with a value determined in accordance with the proposed share values assigned to each flat shown in the schedule of strata units filed with and accepted by the Commissioner at any time prior to the execution of the contract for sale.
(6)  Any person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence under this Act and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year or to both.
(7)  A schedule of strata units filed with and accepted by the Commissioner prior to the commencement of the Land Titles (Strata) (Amendment) Act 1986 shall be deemed to have been filed with and accepted by the Commissioner pursuant to subsection (1).
(8)  Where a schedule of strata units has been filed under this section, the proprietor of the land shall as soon as practicable notify the Commissioner of the changes made to the areas of the flats referred to in the schedule of strata units or of the changes made to the common facilities in the building referred to in the schedule and file with the Commissioner an amended schedule of strata units which will take into account the aforesaid changes.
(9)  An amended schedule of strata units shall not be accepted by the Commissioner for filing purposes unless he is satisfied that the share values allotted to all the flats in a building referred to in the schedule are done so in a just and equitable manner.”.
Amendment of section 9
5.  Section 9(7) of the principal Act is amended —
(a)by deleting paragraph (a) and substituting the following paragraph:
“(a)show the share values in whole number of each lot including a provisional lot and a number equal to the aggregate share value entitlement of all the lots including provisional lots and, where planning permission for the erection of the buildings comprising the lots was granted on or after 15th April 1976, the share values shown shall be those filed with and accepted by the Commissioner;”; and
(b)by deleting the words “in accordance with section 40 of this Act” in paragraph (b).
New section 9A
6.  The principal Act is amended by inserting, immediately after section 9, the following section:
“Share value not to be changed
9A.—(1)  Except as provided in section 65, the share value of any lot shown in a strata title plan registered under this Act shall not be altered in any manner on or after the date of registration of the strata title plan.
(2)  Subsection (1) shall apply to every strata title plan registered under this Act before or after the commencement of the Land Titles (Strata) (Amendment) Act 1986.”.
Amendment of section 11
7.  Section 11(1) of the principal Act is amended by deleting the word “units” in the sixth line and substituting the word “value”.
Repeal and re-enactment of section 27
8.  Section 27 of the principal Act is repealed and the following section substituted therefor:
“Share units
27.—(1)  Each lot including a provisional lot (except an accessory lot where no share value shall be allotted) shown in every plan lodged for registration as a strata title plan shall have its share value determined as shown in the strata title plan, and in the case of any strata title plan where planning permission has been granted on or after 15th April 1976, the lot which is shown in the strata title plan shall have the share value approved by the Commissioner pursuant to section 7(1)(b) prior to the registration of the strata title plan by the Registrar.
(2)  The share value of a lot shall determine —
(a)the voting rights of the subsidiary proprietors;
(b)the quantum of the undivided share of each subsidiary proprietor in the common property; and
(c)the amount of contributions levied by a management corporation on the subsidiary proprietors of all the lots in a subdivided building.”.
New section 27B
9.  The principal Act is amended by inserting, immediately after section 27A, the following section:
“Restrictions on subsidiary proprietor’s rights
27B.  Any term or condition contained in a lease granted in respect of a lot (whether created before, on or after 15th April 1976) creating a leasehold interest of a term of not less than 21 years computed as from the date of the lodgement of the lease with the Registrar, which seeks to deprive or deny the lessee under the lease of his rights to exercise the powers conferred upon him as by this Act as the subsidiary proprietor of the lot relating to the management of the subdivided building and the common property shall have no effect whatsoever.”.
Repeal and re-enactment of Parts IV and V
10.  Parts IV and V of the principal Act are repealed and the following Parts substituted therefor:
“PART IV
MANAGEMENT OF THE SUBDIVIDED BUILDING
Division 1 — Management Corporations
Constitution of management corporations
28.—(1)  The subsidiary proprietors from time to time of the lots in a subdivided building comprised in a strata title plan shall, by virtue of this Act, upon registration of the strata title plan —
(a)constitute a body corporate capable of suing and being sued and having perpetual succession and a common seal; and
(b)be called “The Management Corporation — Strata Title Plan No. ____” (the number to be specified being the registered number of the strata title plan).
(2)  The management corporation may —
(a)sue and be sued in respect of any matter affecting the common property; and
(b)be sued in respect of any matter connected with the parcel for which the subsidiary proprietors are jointly liable.
(3)  In respect of any subdivided building or buildings comprised in a strata title plan, the management corporation concerned shall have the powers, duties and functions conferred or imposed on it by or under this Act, or by the by-laws and, subject to this Act, shall have the control, management and administration of the common property.
(4)  The Registrar may upon payment of the prescribed fee issue to a management corporation a certificate stating that the management corporation is a body corporate constituted under this Act on the day specified therein.
Common seal of management corporation
29.—(1)  The common seal of a management corporation shall be kept —
(a)where the management corporation is constituted by one subsidiary proprietor — by that subsidiary proprietor; or
(b)where the management corporation is constituted by two or more subsidiary proprietors — by such subsidiary proprietor or member of the council as the management corporation determines or, in the absence of any such determination, by the secretary of the council.
(2)  The common seal of a management corporation shall only be affixed to an instrument or document in the presence of —
(a)where the management corporation is constituted by one or two subsidiary proprietors — that subsidiary proprietor or those subsidiary proprietors, as the case may be; or
(b)where the management corporation is constituted by more than two subsidiary proprietors — such two persons, being subsidiary proprietors or members of the council, as the management corporation determines or, in the absence of any such determination — the secretary and any other member of the council,
who shall sign the instrument to which the seal is affixed.
Meetings of management corporation
30.—(1)  The council of a management corporation shall, within 6 months after the registration of the strata title plan, convene a meeting of the management corporation to be held within that period.
(2)  The agenda for a meeting convened under subsection (1) shall consist of the following items:
(a)to decide whether insurances effected by the management corporation should be confirmed, varied or extended;
(b)to determine the amount to be raised for the management fund and the sinking fund;
(c)where there are more than three subsidiary proprietors, to determine the number of members of the council and to elect the council;
(d)to decide what matters, if any, shall be determined only by the management corporation in general meeting; and
(e)to decide whether a managing agent should be appointed under section 57 by the management corporation and, if a managing agent is to be appointed, which powers, duties or functions of the management corporation should be delegated to him.
(3)  The meeting convened under subsection (1) shall be the first annual general meeting of the management corporation.
(4)  The proprietor of the land comprised in a strata title plan shall deliver to the management corporation at its first annual general meeting —
(a)all plans, specifications, certificates (other than certificates of title for the lots), diagrams and other documents (including policies of insurance) obtained or received by him and relating to the parcel or building; and
(b)if they are in his possession or under his control, any notices or other records relating to the subdivided building,
other than any such documents which exclusively evidence rights or obligations of the proprietor and which are not capable of being used for the benefit of the management corporation or any of the subsidiary proprietors, other than the proprietor.
(5)  The Third Schedule shall have effect with respect to meetings of, and voting at the meetings of, the management corporation except that paragraph 1(1), (2), (3) and (5) thereof shall not apply to the first annual general meeting.
(6)  If a meeting of the management corporation is not convened in accordance with subsection (1), the Commissioner may, pursuant to an application made by a subsidiary proprietor or a mortgagee of a lot, by order appoint a person to convene a meeting of the management corporation within such time as may be specified in the order and the meeting convened by that person shall for the purposes of subsection (3) be deemed to be the meeting convened under subsection (1).
(7)  An order made under subsection (6) may include such ancillary or consequential provisions as the Commissioner thinks fit.
(8)  Notwithstanding the provisions of the Third Schedule, where an order made under subsection (6) so provides —
(a)the person appointed to convene a meeting of the management corporation by the order shall preside at the meeting and, while he so presides, shall be deemed to be the chairman of the management corporation; and
(b)notice of that meeting may be given in the manner specified in the order.
(9)  Any person who fails to comply with subsection (4) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000 and to a further fine not exceeding $100 for each day during which the offence continues after conviction.
By-laws for regulation of the subdivided building
31.—(1)  Every subdivided building shown in a strata title plan shall be regulated by by-laws which shall provide for the control, management, administration, use and enjoyment of the lots and the common property.
(2)  The by-laws shall include the by-laws set out in the First Schedule which shall not be amended or repealed by the management corporation.
(3)  A management corporation may, pursuant to a special resolution, make by-laws, not inconsistent with the by-laws set out in the First Schedule, for regulating the control, management, administration, use and enjoyment of the subdivided building and the common property.
(4)  Without limiting the operation of any other provision of this Act, the by-laws for the time being in force bind the management corporation and the subsidiary proprietors and any mortgagee in possession (whether by himself or any other person), or lessee or occupier, of a lot to the same extent as if the by-laws had been contained in properly executed agreements on the part of —
(a)the management corporation with each subsidiary proprietor, mortgagee, lessee and occupier, respectively; and
(b)each subsidiary proprietor, mortgagee, lessee, occupier of a lot with the subsidiary proprietor, mortgagee, lessee or occupier of the other lots in the same parcel,
to observe and perform all the by-laws.
(5)  A lease of a lot shall be deemed to contain an agreement by the lessee that he will comply with the by-laws for the time being in force.
(6)  The management corporation shall —
(a)keep a record of the by-laws in force from time to time;
(b)on receipt of an application in writing made by a subsidiary proprietor or by a person duly authorised to apply on behalf of a subsidiary proprietor for a copy of the by-laws which are in force, supply to such subsidiary proprietor or duly authorised person at a reasonable cost a copy of the by-laws; and
(c)on the application of any person who satisfies the management corporation that he has a proper interest in so applying, make the by-laws available for his inspection.
(7)  No by-law shall be capable of operating —
(a)to prohibit or restrict the devolution of a lot or a transfer, lease, mortgage or other dealing of a lot; or
(b)to destroy or modify any easement expressly or impliedly created by or under this Act.
(8)  Without limiting the generality of any other provision of this section, a management corporation may, with the consent in writing of the subsidiary proprietor of a lot, pursuant to a unanimous resolution make a by-law in respect of that lot conferring on that subsidiary proprietor the exclusive use and enjoyment of, or special privileges in respect of, the common property or any part thereof upon such terms and conditions (including the proper maintaining and keeping in a state of good and serviceable repair of the common property or that part of the common property, as the case may be, and the payment of money by that subsidiary proprietor to the management corporation) as may be specified in the by-law and may, pursuant to a unanimous resolution, make a by-law amending, adding to or repealing any by-law made under this subsection.
(9)  Any by-law referred to in subsection (8) shall, while it remains in force, take effect as appurtenant to, and for the benefit of, the lot in respect of which it was made.
(10)  The subsidiary proprietor for the time being of a lot in respect of which a by-law referred to in subsection (8) is in force —
(a)shall, subject to section 44(3), be liable to pay the management corporation any moneys referred to in the by-law in accordance with the by-law; and
(b)shall, unless excused by the by-law, be responsible for the performance of the duty of the management corporation under section 38(1) in respect of the common property, or the part of the common property, to which the by-law relates.
(11)  Any moneys payable by a subsidiary proprietor to the management corporation under a by-law referred to in subsection (8) may be recovered, as a debt, by the management corporation in any court of competent jurisdiction.
(12)  A copy of every by-law made by the management corporation and every modification or amendment of any by-law for the time being in force, certified as a true copy under the seal of the management corporation, shall be lodged by the management corporation with the Commissioner within 30 days of the passing of the resolution by the management corporation approving the making of such by-law or any amendment or modification of any existing by-law.
(13)  Any by-law, and any modification or amendment of any existing by-law, made by the management corporation shall not come into force until a copy thereof has been lodged with the Commissioner.
(14)  The management corporation or the subsidiary proprietor, mortgagee in possession, lessee or occupier of a lot shall be entitled to apply to the court —
(a)for an order to enforce the performance of or restrain the breach of any by-law by; or
(b)to recover damages for any loss or injury to person or property arising out of the breach of any by-law from,
any person bound to comply therewith, the management corporation or the managing agent, and the court may make such order against any such person, the management corporation or the members of its council, or the managing agent, as the court thinks fit.
(15)  Every occupier of a lot who commits a breach of any of the by-laws in the First Schedule or makes default in complying with any of the said by-laws, and every subsidiary proprietor who is knowingly a party to the breach or default, shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $1,000.
Levies by management corporation
32.—(1)  A management corporation may levy the contributions determined by it in accordance with section 38(1)(m) and (n) and the contributions referred to in section 38(1)(r) by serving on the subsidiary proprietors notice in writing of the contributions payable by them in respect of their respective lots.
(2)  Contributions levied by a management corporation shall be levied in respect of each lot and shall, subject to subsection (3), be payable by the subsidiary proprietors in shares proportional to the share value of their respective lots.
(3)  Where a lot is shown on the strata title plan as a provisional lot, the contributions payable by the subsidiary proprietor of that lot shall, during the period when any building in that lot is being erected or is not yet completed, be reduced by 75 per cent.
(4)  In respect of any contribution levied under subsection (1), a subsidiary proprietor of a lot shall be liable, jointly and severally with any person who was liable to pay that contribution when that subsidiary proprietor became the subsidiary proprietor of that lot, to pay such part of that contribution as was unpaid when he became the subsidiary proprietor of that lot.
(5)  Without affecting the liability of the subsidiary proprietor of a lot in respect of any contribution levied under this section, where a mortgagee is in possession (whether by himself or any other person) of a lot, he shall be liable jointly and severally with the subsidiary proprietor of the lot which he is in possession for any contribution levied on that subsidiary proprietor in accordance with this Act but shall not be so liable in respect of any such contribution unless notice in writing of the levy of the contribution has been served on him.
(6)  Any contribution levied under this section —
(a)shall become due and payable to the management corporation in accordance with the decision of the management corporation to make the levy;
(b)if not paid within 30 days when it becomes due and payable, shall bear interest at the rate prescribed by the Minister unless the management corporation determines in general meeting (either generally or in a particular case) that any unpaid contribution shall bear no interest; and
(c)may be recovered, as a debt, by the management corporation in any court of competent jurisdiction,
and any interest so paid shall form part of the fund to which the contribution belongs.
(7)  Where any contribution and interest thereon levied under this section remains unpaid after the expiry of a period of 14 days from the date the management corporation has served a written demand on a subsidiary proprietor of the lot in respect of which the contribution is levied, the subsidiary proprietor shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 and to a further fine not exceeding $100 for each day the contribution remains unpaid after conviction and the court before which such conviction is had may, in addition to such fine, order the subsidiary proprietor to pay to the management corporation the amount of any contribution together with any interest due thereon certified by the management corporation to be due from such person at the date of his conviction and such amount may be recovered according to the law for the time being in force for the recovery of fines.
(8)  For the purposes of this section, “subsidiary proprietor” includes —
(a)the person for the time being receiving the rent of the lot, whether as agent or trustee or as receiver, or who would receive the same if the lot were let to a tenant; and
(b)the person whose name is included in the Valuation List referred to in the Property Tax Act (Cap. 144) as the owner of the lot for the purposes of that Act.
(9)  For the purposes of subsection (3), a building in a provisional lot shall be deemed to be completed when a temporary occupation licence has been issued by the competent authority for any flat in the building.
(10)  Any contribution levied by a management corporation under subsection (1) shall be deemed to be a claim arising from a contract for the provision of services for the purposes of a Small Claims Tribunal constituted under the Small Claims Tribunal Act 1984 (Act 27 of 1984).
Recovery of contribution from the sale of a lot
33.—(1)  Where —
(a)any contribution is levied under section 32; or
(b)an amount is recoverable by the management corporation from the subsidiary proprietor of a lot pursuant to section 35,
and such contribution or amount remains unpaid on the expiry of a period of 30 days after the management corporation has served a written demand for the contribution or amount, that contribution or amount including any interest thereon (if any) shall constitute a charge on the lot in favour of the management corporation upon lodgement of an instrument of charge by the management corporation with and the registration thereof by the Registrar.
(2)  Upon registration of the instrument of charge by the Registrar —
(a)the management corporation shall, subject to subsection (3), have the power of sale and all other powers relating or incidental thereto as if such management corporation is a registered mortgagee; and
(b)the amount of contribution due (including any interest thereon) shall be subject to all statutory rights and charges of any public authority over the lot and to all encumbrances registered or notified prior to the date of lodgement of the said instrument of charge.
(3)  The management corporation shall not proceed under subsection (2)(a) to sell the lot unless —
(a)a special resolution has been passed by the management corporation to have the lot sold;
(b)a notice of the intended sale has been published once in one or more daily newspapers as approved by the Registrar;
(c)during the period of 6 weeks after the date of such publication no payment has been received for the contribution or amount due including interest thereon and the cost of publication specified in paragraph (b) as well as any other necessary incidental charges; and
(d)there is no legal action pending in court to restrain the management corporation from proceeding with the sale.
(4)  Where a transfer of any lot has been made by the management corporation in the exercise of its power of sale as a chargee pursuant to subsections (2) and (3) and lodged with the Registrar for registration —
(a)such transfer shall not be accepted for registration unless there has been lodged with the Registrar —
(i)a certified true copy of the special resolution of the management corporation authorising the exercise of its power of sale with the seal of the management corporation affixed thereto in the presence of two members of the council of the management corporation;
(ii)a copy of every publication containing the notice referred to in subsection (3)(b); and
(iii)a statutory declaration made by the members of the council of the management corporation referred to in sub-paragraph (i) jointly stating that the contribution and interest due thereon including all necessary incidental charges have not been paid and that there is no legal action pending in court to restrain the management corporation from proceeding with the sale of the lot; and
(b)neither the person who purchased the lot from the management corporation nor the Registrar shall be concerned to inquire into the regularity or validity of the sale or transfer.
(5)  Where the management corporation has wrongfully or otherwise exercised its power of sale in contravention of this section, every member of the council of the management corporation present when the special resolution was passed or in whose presence the seal of the management corporation was affixed to the certified true copy of the special resolution passed and lodged with the transfer pursuant to subsection (4) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year or to both.
(6)  Where an instrument of charge has been registered against a lot under this section, the subsidiary proprietor of the lot shall, upon payment of the amount of the contribution or amount due including interest thereon and any necessary incidental charges, be entitled to an instrument of discharge executed and acknowledged by the management corporation as to the receipt of such payment, and upon registration of such instrument of discharge or, in the event of the management corporation refusing to execute a discharge, an order of court declaring that the lot shall be discharged from the charge, the lot shall be freed from the charge constituted under this section.
(7)  For the purpose of registration of a charge, discharge or transfer under this section, the Registrar may dispense with the production of the relevant duplicate subsidiary strata certificate of title.
(8)  Notwithstanding section 70 of the Land Titles Act (Cap. 276) and section 16 of the Registration of Deeds Act (Cap. 281), where further contributions and interest thereon are due to the management corporation after the registration of an instrument of charge under this section, the amount of contributions due (including interest thereon) shall rank in priority to any other claims as if the contributions were due at the date of the registration of the charge.
(9)  A charge under subsection (2) shall continue in force until all the contributions (including interest thereon) secured by the charge have been paid.
(10)  This section shall not affect the rights and powers conferred on the management corporation by sections 32(6) and 35 to recover the contribution or amount due and all interest thereon including any legal costs and incidental charges necessarily incurred for the recovery of such contribution or amount in respect of any lot as a debt from the subsidiary proprietor of, or his successor in title to, the lot.
(11)  In this section, “public authority” means the Government, Collector of Land Revenue, Comptroller of Property Tax, and any other person, corporation or body, authorised or empowered by any written law to attach, sell or acquire land compulsorily.
(12)  This section shall apply to all charges registered before or after the commencement of the Land Titles (Strata) (Amendment) Act 1986.
Liability of members for debts of the management corporation
34.  The payment of any expenditure lawfully incurred by the management corporation in the course of the exercise of any of its powers or functions or the carrying out of its duties or obligations shall, by virtue of this section, be guaranteed by the persons who, for the time being and from time to time, are the members of the management corporation, and the subsidiary proprietor of a lot shall be liable only to pay such amount which he would have to pay if contributions were levied by the management corporation pursuant to section 32 to raise the necessary sum for the payment of the expenditure.
Power of management corporation to carry out work
35.—(1)  Where a notice has been served on the subsidiary proprietor of a lot by a public authority requiring that subsidiary proprietor to carry out any work on or in relation to that lot and the notice is not complied with, the management corporation may carry out the work.
(2)  Where a subsidiary proprietor, mortgagee in possession, lessee or occupier of a lot fails or neglects to carry out any work —
(a)required to be carried out by him under a term or condition of a by-law referred to in section 31(8); or
(b)necessary to remedy a breach of the duty imposed on him by section 47(a),
the management corporation may carry out that work.
(3)  Where the management corporation carries out any work on or in relation to a lot or common property pursuant to subsection (1) or (2), it may recover the cost of so doing, as a debt —
(a)from the subsidiary proprietor, mortgagee in possession, lessee or occupier referred to in subsection (1) or (2); or
(b)where the work is carried out pursuant to —
(i)subsection (1) or (2)(b), from any person who, after the work is carried out, becomes the subsidiary proprietor of the lot on or in relation to which the work was carried out; or
(ii)subsection (2)(a), from any person who, after the work is carried out, becomes the subsidiary proprietor of the lot in respect of which the by-law referred to in subsection (2)(a) was made.
(4)  Where —
(a)any part of a building comprised in a lot contains any structural defect which affects or is likely to affect the support or shelter provided by that lot for another lot in that building or the common property; or
(b)any defect occurs in any pipes, wires, cables or ducts referred to in section 47(a)(ii) within a lot,
the management corporation shall carry out such work as is necessary to rectify the defect and it may recover the cost of such work from any person who has a duty to remedy the defect as a debt in any court of competent jurisdiction.
(5)  Where the management corporation incurs any expenditure or performs any repairs, works or acts that it is required or authorised by or under this Part or by or under any other written law to perform (whether or not the expenditure was incurred or the repairs, works or acts were performed consequent upon the service on it by any Government or statutory authority of any notice or order) and the expenditure or the repairs, works or acts were rendered necessary by reason of any wilful or negligent act or omission on the part of, or breach of any provision of its by-laws by, any person or his tenant, lessee, licensee or invitee, the amount of that expenditure expended by it in performing the repairs, works or acts shall be recoverable by it from that person as a debt in an action in any court of competent jurisdiction.
Change of management corporation’s address
36.—(1)  A management corporation may, in general meeting, decide that the address, as recorded on the registered strata title plan, for the service of notices on the management corporation shall be changed.
(2)  Where a management corporation has, pursuant to subsection (1), decided that the address for the service of notices on it shall be changed, the management corporation shall forthwith notify the Registrar and the Commissioner of the change and the Registrar shall amend the registered strata title plan accordingly.
Agreement for payment to a subsidiary proprietor of consideration on transfer or lease of common property
37.  A management corporation may, pursuant to a unanimous resolution, make an agreement with a subsidiary proprietor with respect to the payment to him of the whole or any part of the consideration under any transaction proposed to be entered into by the management corporation under this Act.
Duties of management corporation
38.—(1)  A management corporation shall, for the purposes of the subdivided building concerned, —
(a)control, manage and administer the common property for the benefit of the subsidiary proprietors;
(b)properly maintain and keep it in a state of good and serviceable repair —
(i)the common property; and
(ii)any property vested in the management corporation;
(c)where necessary, renew or replace any fixtures or fittings comprised in the common property and any property vested in the management corporation;
(d)when so directed by a special resolution, install or provide additional facilities or make improvements to the common property for the benefit of the subsidiary proprietors;
(e)effect insurance in accordance with this Act;
(f)comply with any notice or order made by any competent, public or statutory authority requiring the abatement of any nuisance on the common property or ordering repairs or other work to be done in respect of the common property or any building or other improvement on the parcel;
(g)comply with any such notice or order as is referred to in paragraph (f) given or made in respect of any of the lots, if the subsidiary proprietor fails to do so within a reasonable time;
(h)pay the rent (if any) on the land on which the subdivided building is erected;
(i)cause proper records to be kept of notices given to the management corporation under this Act or any written law or of any orders made by a court and served on the management corporation;
(j)cause proper books of account to be kept in respect of moneys received or expended by the management corporation showing the items in respect of which the moneys were received or expended;
(k)cause to be prepared, from the books referred to in paragraph (j), a proper statement of accounts of the management corporation in respect of each period commencing on the date of registration of the strata title plan or the date up to which the last previous such statement was prepared and ending on a date not earlier than one month before each annual general meeting;
(l)convene annual general meetings in accordance with the Third Schedule;
(m)as soon as practicable after the constitution of the management corporation and from time to time thereafter, determine in general meeting the amounts necessary in its opinion to be raised by way of contributions for the purpose of meeting its actual or expected liabilities —
(i)incurred or to be incurred under paragraph (a), (b), (c) or (d);
(ii)for the payment of insurance premiums; and
(iii)for any other expenditure of the management corporation;
(n)as soon as practicable after the constitution of the management corporation and from time to time thereafter, determine in general meeting the amounts necessary in its opinion to be raised by way of contributions for the purpose of meeting its actual or expected liabilities —
(i)for painting or repainting any part of the common property which is a building or other structure;
(ii)for the renewal or replacement of any electrical and mechanical installations existing for common use or purposes;
(iii)for major repairs and improvements to, and maintenance of, the common property and boundary walls; and
(iv)for any other expenditure approved by the management corporation in general meeting;
(o)upon determining the amounts referred to in paragraph (m), establish a management fund into which shall be paid those amounts, the proceeds of the sale or other disposal of any personal property of the management corporation and any other income received by it and any amount paid to the management corporation by way of discharge of insurance claims;
(p)upon determining the amounts referred to in paragraph (n), establish a sinking fund into which shall be paid those amounts and any amount paid to the management corporation by way of discharge of insurance claims unless the latter amount has been paid into the management fund;
(q)from time to time, levy, in accordance with section 32, on each person liable therefor a contribution to raise the amounts referred to in paragraphs (m) and (n);
(r)if the management corporation —
(i)becomes liable to pay any moneys that it is unable to pay forthwith; and
(ii)is not required, under paragraph (q), to levy contributions to meet the liability,
forthwith levy, in accordance with section 32, contributions to raise those moneys; and
(s)implement the decisions of the management corporation.
(2)  A management corporation shall not disburse any moneys —
(a)from its management fund, otherwise than for the purpose of meeting its liabilities referred to in subsection (1)(m) or (n);
(b)from its sinking fund, otherwise than for the purpose of meeting its liabilities referred to in subsection (1)(n); and
(c)from its management fund or sinking fund otherwise than for the purpose of carrying out its powers, authorities, duties and functions under this Act or the by-laws.
(3)  A determination made by a management corporation under subsection (1)(m) or (n) may specify that the amounts to be raised for the purposes referred to in those paragraphs shall be raised by such regular periodic contributions as may be specified in the determination.
Power of entry
39.—(1)  For the purpose of carrying out —
(a)any work pursuant to section 35(1), (2), (4) or (5);
(b)any work required to be carried out by a management corporation —
(i)by a notice served on it by a public authority or statutory board; or
(ii)by an order of the Commissioner;
(c)any work referred to in section 38(1)(b), (c) or (d); or
(d)any work necessary to repair or renew any pipes, wires, cables or ducts referred to in section 47(a)(ii),
the management corporation may, by its servants or agents, enter upon any lot or part of the parcel for the purpose of carrying out the work, in the case of an emergency, at any time, or, in any other case, at any reasonable time after giving notice to any occupier of that lot or part of the parcel.
(2)  A person who obstructs or hinders a management corporation in the exercise of its power under subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $2,000.
Miscellaneous powers of management corporation
40.  A management corporation may —
(a)subject to the rules made under this Act, invest any moneys in its management fund and in its sinking fund in any manner permitted by law for the investment of trust funds;
(b)borrow moneys and secure the repayment thereof and of any interest in such manner as may be agreed upon by the management corporation and the lender, otherwise than by charging the repayment on the common property;
(c)enter into an agreement with a subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot for the provision of amenities or services by it to the lot or to the subsidiary proprietor or occupier thereof;
(d)to purchase, hire or otherwise acquire personal property for use by the subsidiary proprietors in connection with their enjoyment of the common property; and
(e)to do all things reasonably necessary for the performance of its duties under this Part and for the enforcement of the by-laws set out in the First Schedule.
Statutory restrictions on powers of management corporation
41.—(1)  Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, a management corporation shall not, during the initial period, —
(a)amend, add to or repeal the by-laws in such a manner that a right is conferred or an obligation is imposed on one or more, but not all, subsidiary proprietors or in respect of one or more, but not all, lots;
(b)alter any common property forming part of the subdivided building or erect any structure on the common property;
(c)grant an easement or a restrictive covenant burdening the parcel;
(d)execute a transfer of any part of the common property pursuant to section 20 or confer on any person the exclusive right to use and enjoy the common property;
(e)make any contract which confers upon any person the right to use, occupy, control or manage any part of the common property for a period extending beyond the expiration of the initial period;
(f)borrow moneys or give securities; or
(g)appoint a managing agent to hold office as such for a period extending beyond the expiration of the initial period,
unless the doing of that thing is authorised by an order made under section 42.
(2)  Any contract for the supply of services relating to the maintenance of a subdivided building made by a management corporation during the initial period shall be deemed to have contained a provision therein that the contract may be terminated forthwith by notice in writing given by the management corporation to the other party thereto without payment of any damages, fee or other compensation.
(3)  Without affecting any other remedy available against the proprietor, if a management corporation contravenes subsection (1) —
(a)the proprietor shall be liable for any loss suffered by the management corporation or any subsidiary proprietor as a result of the contravention; and
(b)the management corporation or any subsidiary proprietor may recover from the proprietor, as damages for breach of statutory duty, any loss suffered by it or him,
unless —
(i)the contravention occurred without the knowledge of the proprietor;
(ii)the proprietor was not in a position to influence the conduct of the management corporation in relation to the contravention; and
(iii)the proprietor, being in such a position, used all due diligence to prevent the contravention.
Commissioner’s power to authorise certain acts during initial period
42.—(1)  The Commissioner may, on an application made by a management corporation, make an order authorising the doing of any thing referred to in section 41.
(2)  Notice of an application under subsection (1) shall be served, in accordance with the rules made under this Part, on —
(a)the subsidiary proprietor of every lot in the subdivided building concerned, unless it or he is the applicant;
(b)the registered mortgagee of every such lot; and
(c)such other persons as the Commissioner may direct.
(3)  The applicant and any person referred to in subsection (2) (whether or not he has been served with a notice of the application) shall be entitled to appear and be heard on the hearing of the application.
(4)  The Commissioner shall not make an order under this section unless he is satisfied that the order will serve the interests of the subsidiary proprietors or those persons having equitable interests in the lots.
Strata roll
43.—(1)  A management corporation shall prepare and maintain a roll in accordance with this section.
(2)  The roll shall be kept in the form of a book (either bound or loose-leaf) which shall contain one or more pages in respect of each lot in the subdivided building.
(3)  The management corporation shall record the following information on a page of the roll relating to the lot to which the information relates:
(a)the share value of the lot, as shown on the schedule of strata units filed with the Commissioner under section 7;
(b)the name and address of the subsidiary proprietor, as shown on the folio of the subsidiary strata land-register comprising the lot upon registration of the strata title plan and the name of and address for the service of notices on the subsidiary proprietor of that lot as shown in notices given to the management corporation under section 49(2) or (3);
(c)the name of any mortgagee of the lot notice of whose mortgage has been given to the management corporation under section 49(4), the address for the service of notices on him as shown in that notice and any other mortgages which are specified in that notice as having priority over his mortgage;
(d)the name of the nominee of any company which is the subsidiary proprietor or mortgagee of the lot as shown in notices given to the management corporation for the purposes of section 49(10);
(e)the discharge, transfer, assignment or sub-mortgage of any mortgage, referred to in paragraph (c), as shown in a notice given to the management corporation under section 49(5) or (6) and, except in the case of a discharge, the address for the service of notices on the transferee, assignee or sub-mortgagee as shown in that notice;
(f)the entry into possession of the lot by a mortgagee as shown in a notice given to the management corporation under section 49(7); and
(g)the address for the service of notices on any person as shown in a notice given to the management corporation under section 49(1).
(4)  The management corporation shall record and maintain in the roll a copy of the by-laws for the time being in force with respect to the subdivided building.
Supply of information and certificates by management corporation
44.—(1)  A management corporation shall, upon application made to it in writing in respect of a lot the subject of the subdivided building concerned by a subsidiary proprietor or mortgagee of that lot or by a person authorised in writing by such a subsidiary proprietor or mortgagee and on payment of the prescribed fee, do any one or more of the following things as are required of it in the application:
(a)inform the applicant of the name and address of the chairman, secretary and treasurer of the management corporation and of any person who has been appointed under section 57 or 58 as managing agent;
(b)make available for inspection by the applicant or his agent —
(i)the strata roll;
(ii)the notices and orders referred to in section 38(1)(i);
(iii)the plans, specifications, certificates, diagrams and other documents delivered under section 30(4);
(iv)the minutes of general meetings of the management corporation and of the council;
(v)the books of account of the management corporation;
(vi)a copy of the statement of accounts of the management corporation last prepared by the management corporation in accordance with section 38(1)(k);
(vii)every current policy of insurance effected by the management corporation and the receipt for the premium last paid in respect of each such policy; and
(viii)any other record or document in the custody or under the control of the management corporation,
at such time and place as may be agreed upon by the applicant or his agent and the management corporation and, failing agreement, at the subdivided building at a time and on a date fixed by the management corporation under subsection (2); or
(c)certify, as at the date of the certificate, in respect of the lot in respect of which the application is made —
(i)the amount of any regular periodic contributions determined by the management corporation under section 38(1)(m) and (n) and the periods in respect of which those contributions are payable;
(ii)whether there is any amount unpaid of any contribution determined under section 38(1)(m) and (n) and, if so, the amount thereof and the date on which any such contribution was levied;
(iii)whether there is any amount unpaid of any contribution levied under section 32 and, if so, the amount thereof and the date on which it was levied;
(iv)whether there is any amount recoverable from the subsidiary proprietor of that lot under section 35 and, if so, the amount thereof; and
(v)any interest payable under section 32(6) in respect of any unpaid contribution referred to in that subsection.
(2)  Where an applicant and a management corporation fail to reach an agreement referred to in subsection (1)(b) within 7 days after the receipt of the application by the management corporation, the management corporation shall forthwith send by post to the applicant a notice fixing a time, specified in the notice, between nine o’clock in the morning and six o’clock in the evening on a date so specified, being a date not later than 21 days after the receipt of the application by the management corporation for the making of the inspection referred to in subsection (1)(b).
(3)  In favour of a person taking for valuable consideration an estate or interest in any lot, a certificate given under subsection (1)(c) by a management corporation in respect of that lot shall be conclusive evidence, as at the date of the certificate, of the matters stated therein.
Management corporation to display notice, etc.
45.  The management corporation shall —
(a)display at a conspicuous place a notice showing the name of the management corporation and the address for service of notices shown on the registered strata title plan; and
(b)cause to be constructed and maintained at or near the street alignment of the parcel a receptacle suitable for the receipt of mail or other documents with the name of the management corporation clearly shown thereon.
Accounts of management corporation to be audited
46.—(1)  At least once in each year the accounts of a management corporation shall be examined by an auditor who shall state in his report whether the accounts are in his opinion properly drawn up so as to give a true and fair view of the income and expenditure of the management corporation and of the management corporation’s affairs.
(2)  The auditor shall be appointed at each annual general meeting of the management corporation and shall hold office until the conclusion of the next annual general meeting of the management corporation.
(3)  At any time before the first annual general meeting of a management corporation, the council of the management corporation may appoint, or (if the council does not make an appointment) the management corporation at a general meeting may appoint, any person to be the auditor of the management corporation and any auditor so appointed shall hold office until the conclusion of the first annual general meeting.
(4)  No person shall be appointed as an auditor of a management corporation unless he is an approved company auditor under the Companies Act (Cap. 185).
(5)  A management corporation shall permit the Commissioner or any person authorised by him to act on his behalf at all reasonable times full and free access to its accounting and other records and permit the Commissioner or such person to make copies of or make extracts from any such accounting or other records.
(6)  The Commissioner may exempt any management corporation of a subdivided building which has not more than twenty lots from the requirements of this section on such terms and conditions as the Commissioner may determine.
Division 2 — Subsidiary Proprietors and other Occupiers of Lots
Duties of subsidiary proprietors and other occupiers of lots
47.  A subsidiary proprietor, mortgagee in possession (whether by himself or any other person), lessee or occupier of a lot shall not —
(a)do anything or permit anything to be done on or in relation to that lot so that —
(i)any support or shelter provided by that lot for another lot or common property is interfered with; or
(ii)the passage or provision of water, sewerage, drainage, gas, electricity, garbage, artificially cooled air and other services (including telephone, radio and television services) through or by means of any pipes, wires, cables or ducts for the time being in the lot is interfered with;
(b)use or enjoy that lot, or permit that lot to be used or enjoyed, in such a manner or for such a purpose as to cause a nuisance or hazard to the occupier of any other lot (whether that person is a subsidiary proprietor or not); or
(c)use or enjoy the common property in such a manner or for such a purpose as to interfere unreasonably with the use or enjoyment of the common property by the occupier of any other lot (whether that person is a subsidiary proprietor or not) or by any other person entitled to the use and enjoyment of the common property.
Power for individuals to act for companies who are subsidiary proprietors and mortgagees of lots
48.—(1)  A company may, and shall be deemed always to have been able to, authorise an individual to exercise or perform on its behalf any power, authority, duty or function conferred by or under this Act on the company as subsidiary proprietor or mortgagee of a lot and may revoke the authority of any individual so authorised.
(2)  Where an individual exercises or performs a power, authority, duty or function that he is, by a subsidiary proprietor or mortgagee of a lot, authorised pursuant to subsection (1) to exercise or perform, the power, authority, duty or function shall be deemed to be exercised or performed by the subsidiary proprietor or mortgagee, as the case may be, of the lot.
(3)  Nothing in subsection (1) or (2) shall affect any liability or obligation imposed by or under this Act on a corporation which is a subsidiary proprietor or mortgagee of a lot.
(4)  A document under the seal of a company purporting to be an authorisation under subsection (1) or to be a revocation of such an authorisation is admissible in evidence and shall, unless the contrary is proved, be deemed to be such an authorisation or revocation, as the case may be.
Notices to be given by subsidiary proprietors and mortgagees
49.—(1)  A subsidiary proprietor or any person who, under this section, has given to the management corporation notice of an address for the service of notices on him shall give notice in writing to the management corporation of any change of address for the service of notices on him.
(2)  Upon the execution of a transfer of the estate or interest in a lot, the subsidiary proprietor of the lot shall forthwith give to the management corporation written notice of the transfer which shall identify the lot and —
(a)specify the name of the transferee in full and the address for the service of notices on the transferee and the date upon which the transfer was so executed; and
(b)bear written confirmation by the transferee of the accuracy of the information contained in the notice.
(3)  Where the subsidiary proprietor of a lot fails to comply with a notice given by the management corporation under subsection (8) requiring him to give a notice under subsection (2), the transferee under the transfer may give to the management corporation written notice of the transfer which shall identify the lot and specify the name of the transferee in full and the address for the service of notices on the transferee and the date upon which the transfer was executed.
(4)  After the delivery to a mortgagee of an executed mortgage of a lot, the mortgagee may give to the management corporation written notice of the mortgage which shall identify the lot and —
(a)specify the name of the mortgagee in full and the address for the service of notices on the mortgagee and the date on which the mortgage was so delivered;
(b)specify any mortgages of the lot which have priority over the mortgage referred to in the notice; and
(c)bear written confirmation by the mortgagor of the accuracy of the information contained in the notice.
(5)  After the delivery to a mortgagor of a discharge of a mortgage of a lot or a discharge of a sub-mortgage of a mortgage of a lot, the mortgagor may give to the management corporation written notice of the discharge which shall identify the lot and the mortgage that has been discharged and —
(a)specify the date on which the discharge was so delivered; and
(b)bear written confirmation by the mortgagee of the discharge of the mortgage.
(6)  After the delivery by a mortgagee of a dealing, being a transfer or sub-mortgage of a lot, the transferee or sub-mortgagee may give to the management corporation written notice of the dealing which shall identify the lot and —
(a)specify the name of the transferee or sub-mortgagee in full and the address for the service of notices on the transferee or sub-mortgagee and the date on which the transfer or sub-mortgage was so delivered; and
(b)bear written confirmation by the transferor or sub-mortgagor of the information contained in the notice.
(7)  After the entry into possession of a lot by a mortgagee, the mortgagee shall give to the management corporation written notice which shall identify the lot and specify the date on which he entered into possession.
(8)  Where a management corporation has reason to believe that a person is required, under this section, to give a notice to it and the management corporation has not received that notice, the management corporation may serve a notice on that person specifying the capacity in which it believes he is obliged to give the notice and requiring him —
(a)to state, within 14 days, whether or not he is a person obliged to give a notice in that capacity; and
(b)if he is such a person, to give that notice.
(9)  Where a management corporation has served a notice under subsection (8) on a person whom it believes to be a person entitled to give a notice to the management corporation under this section and that person has not complied with the first-mentioned notice, that person shall not be entitled to cast a vote at any general meeting of the management corporation until he has complied with the first-mentioned notice.
(10)  A vote cast at a general meeting of a management corporation by or on behalf of a subsidiary proprietor who is a company shall have no effect unless the management corporation has received a notice in writing specifying the nominee of that subsidiary proprietor.
(11)  A notice referred to in subsection (10) may be included in any other notice that the subsidiary proprietor to which it relates or any other person is entitled under this section to give to the management corporation.
Division 3 — Councils
Council of a management corporation
50.—(1)  Subject to this section, every management corporation shall have a council which shall consist of such number of members as may be determined by the management corporation in general meeting but the total number of members shall not exceed 14.
(2)  The members of the council shall be elected at each annual general meeting.
(3)  Where —
(a)the first annual general meeting has not yet been held; or
(b)there are not more than three subsidiary proprietors,
the council shall consist of each subsidiary proprietor, if any, who is an individual and the nominee of each subsidiary proprietor, if any, who is a company.
(4)  A person shall not be eligible for election as a member of the council unless he is —
(a)an individual who is a subsidiary proprietor; or
(b)an individual who is nominated for election by a subsidiary proprietor who is a company.
(5)  Any person nominated by a subsidiary proprietor to stand for election as a member of the council shall furnish to the management corporation a certified copy of a resolution of the directors or other governing body of that subsidiary proprietor authorising him (referred to in this Act as the company’s nominee) to act on its behalf.
(6)  Where there is no council of a management corporation, the subdivided building shall be administered by the management corporation but nothing in this subsection shall prevent a managing agent appointed under this Act from exercising or performing any powers, authorities, duties or functions conferred or imposed upon him.
(7)  The Second Schedule shall have effect with respect to the proceedings of the council.
Vacation of office of member of council
51.—(1)  A person who is a member of a council shall vacate his office as such a member —
(a)if, where he was a subsidiary proprietor at the time of his appointment or election, he ceases to be a subsidiary proprietor;
(b)if, where he was the nominee of a subsidiary proprietor who is a company, the subsidiary proprietor who nominated him —
(i)ceases to be a subsidiary proprietor; or
(ii)notifies the management corporation in writing that his office as a member of the council is vacated;
(c)if he fails to attend six consecutive meetings of the council;
(d)upon the receipt by the management corporation from him of notice in writing of his resignation as a member of the council;
(e)upon the election of the members of the council at the annual general meeting next following his election as a member of the council;
(f)where he is a member pursuant to section 50(3), upon the election of the members of the council at a general meeting; or
(g)if the management corporation by ordinary resolution removes him from his office.
(2)  Upon the occurrence of a vacancy in the office of a member of a council, otherwise than by reason of subsection (1)(e) or (f), the council may appoint a subsidiary proprietor or the nominee of a subsidiary proprietor who is a company as a member of the council to fill the vacancy, and any person so appointed shall hold office for the balance of his predecessor’s term of office.
Chairman, secretary and treasurer of council
52.—(1)  Where the chairman, secretary and treasurer of the council have not been appointed by the management corporation at its annual general meeting, the members of the council shall, at the first meeting of the council after they assume office as such members, appoint the chairman, secretary and treasurer of the council.
(2)  A person —
(a)shall not be appointed to an office referred to in subsection (1) unless he is a member of the council; and
(b)may be appointed to one or more of those offices.
(3)  A person appointed to an office referred to in subsection (1) shall hold office until —
(a)he ceases to be a member of the council;
(b)the receipt by the management corporation from him of a notice in writing of his resignation from that office; or
(c)another person is appointed by the council or by the management corporation in general meeting to hold that office,
whichever first happens.
(4)  Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, a person appointed to an office referred to in subsection (1) shall not resign or vacate his office until another person is appointed by the council or by the management corporation in general meeting to hold that office and any purported resignation or vacation of office in breach of this subsection shall be deemed to be invalid.
(5)  Subsection (4) shall not apply where a member of the council is required to resign or vacate his office —
(a)if, where he was a subsidiary proprietor at the time of his appointment or election, he ceases to be a subsidiary proprietor;
(b)if, where he was the nominee of a subsidiary proprietor who is a company, the subsidiary proprietor who nominated him ceases to be a subsidiary proprietor.
(6)  A person shall not exercise or perform any of the powers, duties or functions of the management corporation or the treasurer of the management corporation, being powers, duties or functions relating to the receipt or expenditure of, or accounting for, moneys, or the keeping of the books of account, of the management corporation, unless he is —
(a)a member of the management corporation or of the council and is the treasurer of the management corporation or of the council;
(b)a managing agent who is empowered to exercise or perform that power, authority, duty or function; or
(c)a person with whom the treasurer of the management corporation is required by an order of the council to exercise or perform jointly that power, duty or function, and who is enabling the treasurer to comply with the order.
(7)  The treasurer of a management corporation may delegate the exercise or performance of any of his powers (other than this power of delegation), duties or functions as treasurer, the delegation of which is specifically approved by the council of the management corporation, to another member of the council so approved, subject to such limitations as to time or otherwise as are so approved and, while a delegate is acting in accordance with the terms of a delegation under this subsection, he shall be deemed to be the treasurer of the management corporation.
(8)  The council of a management corporation may, by a notice in writing served on the treasurer of the management corporation, order that he shall not exercise or perform any of his powers, duties or functions that are specified in the notice, unless he does so jointly with another person so specified.
(9)  Any person who contravenes subsection (6) or fails to comply with the notice of a council issued pursuant to subsection (8) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $1,000.
Council members entitled to payment of fees
53.—(1)  The members of the council of a management corporation may be paid such fees as the management corporation may in general meeting determine except that the amount of such fees shall not exceed such amount as may be prescribed by the Minister.
(2)  A management corporation may fix different amounts of fees payable to different members of a council.
Council’s decisions to be decisions of management corporation
54.—(1)  Subject to the provisions of this Act, the decision of a council on any matter, other than a restricted matter, shall be the decision of the management corporation.
(2)  Notwithstanding that a council holds office, the management corporation may in general meeting continue to exercise or perform all or any of the powers, duties and functions conferred or imposed on the management corporation by this Act or the by-laws.
(3)  A council shall not make a decision on any matter if, before the decision is made, notice in writing has been given to the secretary of the council by subsidiary proprietors who altogether own not less than one-third of the lots in the subdivided building concerned that the making of the decision is opposed by those subsidiary proprietors, and any decision, if made by the council, shall have no force or effect.
(4)  For the purposes of subsection (1), “restricted matter”, in relation to a council, means —
(a)any matter a decision on which may, in accordance with any provision of this Act or the by-laws, only be made by the management corporation pursuant to a unanimous resolution or a special resolution or in general meeting of the management corporation; and
(b)any matter referred to in section 55 and specified in a resolution of that management corporation passed for the purposes of that section.
Restrictions imposed on council by management corporation
55.  A management corporation may in general meeting decide what matters or class of matters, if any, shall be determined only by the management corporation in general meeting.
Records, etc., of management corporation
56.—(1)  A person who has possession or control of —
(a)any records, books of account or keys belonging to a management corporation;
(b)the strata roll kept by a management corporation; or
(c)any other property of a management corporation,
shall, within 7 days after service on him of notice of a resolution of the council requiring him to do so, deliver those records, books of account and keys and that strata roll and other property to a member of the council specified in the notice.
(2)  Any person who contravenes subsection (1) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000.
Division 4 — Managing Agents
Managing agent
57.—(1)  Subject to subsection (2), a management corporation may, by instrument in writing, appoint a managing agent and may, by instrument in writing, delegate to him —
(a)all of its powers, duties and functions;
(b)any one or more of its powers, duties and functions specified in the instrument; or
(c)all of its powers, duties and functions except those specified in the instrument,
and may in like manner revoke wholly or in part the delegation.
(2)  A management corporation shall not under subsection (1) delegate to a managing agent its power to make —
(a)a delegation under that subsection; or
(b)a decision on a matter which may be determined only by the management corporation in general meeting.
(3)  A power, duty or function the exercise or performance of which has been delegated under subsection (1) may, while the delegation remains unrevoked, be exercised from time to time in accordance with the delegation.
(4)  A delegation under subsection (1) may be made subject to such conditions or such limitations as to the exercise or performance of all or any of the powers, duties or functions, or as to time or circumstances, as may be specified in the instrument of delegation.
(5)  Notwithstanding any delegation made under subsection (1), a management corporation may continue to exercise or perform all or any of the delegated powers, duties or functions.
(6)  Any act or thing done or suffered by a managing agent while acting in the exercise of a delegation under subsection (1) shall have the same force and effect as if it had been done or suffered by the management corporation and shall be deemed to have been done or suffered by the management corporation.
(7)  Where the instrument of his appointment so provides, a managing agent shall have and may exercise and perform all the powers, duties and functions of the chairman, secretary or treasurer of the management corporation and the council or such of those powers, duties and functions as may be specified in the instrument.
Commissioner may appoint managing agent to exercise or perform certain powers, etc.
58.—(1)  Where the Commissioner is satisfied that a management corporation is not carrying out its duties or functions satisfactorily and that it is in the interests of the subsidiary proprietors of the subdivided building concerned or the creditors of the management corporation to have a managing agent appointed to exercise and perform all or some of the powers, duties and functions of the management corporation, the Commissioner may, by order published in the Gazette, appoint a managing agent to perform such powers, duties or functions of the management corporation as may be specified in the order.
(2)  A managing agent appointed under subsection (1) shall lodge with the Commissioner a bond in the form approved by the Commissioner and for an amount determined by the Commissioner given by a bank, finance company or insurer which binds the bank, finance company or insurer to make good any loss caused by the managing agent as a result of his failure duly to account to the management corporation for moneys received or held by him as managing agent.
(3)  The Commissioner shall not appoint a managing agent under subsection (1) unless he has given not less than 30 days’ notice in writing to the council of the management corporation concerned of his intention to appoint a managing agent to exercise all or such of the powers, duties and functions of the management corporation as may be specified by the Commissioner in the notice and the council may make representations (if any) to the Commissioner within the period of 21 days after the date of the service of the notice.
(4)  Where the Commissioner appoints a managing agent under subsection (1), he may also order that the managing agent shall have and may exercise and perform —
(a)all the powers, duties and functions of the management corporation for the subdivided building to which the order relates or of the chairman, secretary or treasurer of that management corporation or the council of that management corporation;
(b)any one or more of those powers, duties or functions specified in the order; or
(c)all of those powers, duties and functions except those specified in the order.
(5)  Where a Commissioner makes an order under subsection (1), no person other than the managing agent appointed by the order may, while that managing agent holds office as such, exercise or perform any power, authority, duty or function which the managing agent is authorised to exercise or perform by that order or an order under subsection (4).
(6)  The appointment of a managing agent under this section may be made upon such terms and conditions (including terms and conditions relating to his remuneration by the management corporation and the duration of his appointment) as the Commissioner specifies in the order making the appointment.
(7)  A management corporation and any member of the council of the management corporation aggrieved by an order made by the Commissioner under this section may appeal to the Minister within 3 months after the date of the publication of the order in the Gazette and the decision of the Minister shall be final and shall not be reviewed in any court.
(8)  An order made by the Commissioner under subsection (1) shall have effect notwithstanding that an appeal has been made to the Minister.
Division 5 — Insurance
Insurance of subdivided building
59.—(1)  Unless otherwise directed by a unanimous resolution, a management corporation shall insure the subdivided building and keep the subdivided building insured under a damage policy.
(2)  For the purposes of this section —
“building” does not include subsidiary proprietors’ fixtures;
“damage policy”, in relation to a subdivided building, means a contract of insurance providing, in the event of the subdivided building being destroyed or damaged by fire, lightning, explosion or any other occurrence specified in the policy, —
(a)for —
(i)the rebuilding of the subdivided building or its replacement by a similar building in the event of its destruction; and
(ii)the repair of damage to, or the restoration of the damaged portion of, the subdivided building in the event of its being damaged but not destroyed,
so that, in the case of destruction, every part of the rebuilt building or the replacement building and, in the case of damage, the repaired or restored portion, is in a condition no worse nor less extensive than that part or portion or its condition when that part or portion was new; and
(b)for the payment of expenses incurred in the removal of debris and the remuneration of architects and other persons whose services are necessary as an incident to the rebuilding, replacement, repair or restoration;
“subsidiary proprietor’s fixture” means any structure or fixture made after the registration of the strata title plan forming part of a subdivided building, being a structure or fixture which is exclusively for the use and enjoyment of a lot within or partly within that building but not being a floor, wall or ceiling;
“unanimous resolution” means a resolution unanimously passed at a duly convened meeting of the management corporation at which all persons entitled to exercise the powers of voting conferred by or under this Act are present either personally or by proxy at the time of the motion.
(3)  A damage policy may provide that, instead of the work and the payments specified in the definition of “damage policy” in subsection (2) being carried out or made upon the occurrence of any of the events specified in that definition, the liability of the insurer shall, upon the occurrence of any such event, be limited to an amount specified in the policy and not exceeding an amount calculated in the prescribed manner.
Further insurance by management corporation
60.—(1)  In addition to insurance effected by a management corporation pursuant to section 59, the management corporation shall effect insurance —
(a)in respect of any occurrence against which it is required by law to insure, including any insurance required to be effected by reason of the provisions of the Workmen’s Compensation Act 1975 (Act 25 of 1975);
(b)in respect of damage to property, death or bodily injury occurring upon the common property; and
(c)against the possibility of the subsidiary proprietors becoming jointly liable by reason of a claim arising in respect of any other occurrence against which the management corporation decides to insure.
(2)  A management corporation may insure any property which it is not required to insure pursuant to this Act and in which it has an insurable interest.
Insurance by subsidiary proprietor
61.—(1)  Nothing in this Part shall limit or affect any right of a subsidiary proprietor to effect insurance.
(2)  Insurance effected by a subsidiary proprietor shall not affect, and shall not be taken into consideration in determining, the amount payable to a management corporation under a contract of insurance entered into between it and an insurer pursuant to this Part, notwithstanding anything contained in that contract of insurance.
Insurance of mortgaged lot
62.—(1)  A contract of insurance may be entered into by a subsidiary proprietor in respect of damage to his lot in a sum equal to the amount secured at the date of the contract by mortgages of his lot and where such a contract is in force subject to the terms and conditions of the contract —
(a)any payment to be made under that contract by the insurer in respect of damage shall be made to the mortgagees whose interests are noted thereon in order of their respective priorities; and
(b)the amount of the payment shall be the amount stated in the contract, the amount of the loss, or an amount sufficient, at the date of the loss, to discharge mortgages of the lot, whichever is the least amount.
(2)  A contract of insurance entered into as referred to in subsection (1) shall not be liable to be brought into contribution with any other such contract of insurance except another such contract of insurance which —
(a)is in respect of damage to the same lot; and
(b)relates to the same mortgage debt,
as that referred to in the contract of insurance first-mentioned in this subsection.
Rebuilding
63.  Subject to any order made under section 65 or 66, where a management corporation receives payment of moneys from an insurer in respect of destruction of or damage to a subdivided building, those moneys shall forthwith be applied by the management corporation in rebuilding, replacing, repairing or restoring the subdivided building, as the case may require.
Insurable interest of management corporation
64.  A management corporation shall be deemed to have an insurable interest in the subject-matter of any contract of insurance entered into by it pursuant to this Act.
PART V
VARIATION OR TERMINATION OF STRATA SUBDIVISION SCHEME
Variation of strata subdivision scheme consequent upon damage to or destruction of subdivided building
65.—(1)  Where a subdivided building is damaged or destroyed —
(a)any subsidiary proprietor or registered mortgagee of a lot the subject of the strata title plan concerned; or
(b)the management corporation,
may make an application to the court for an order under subsection (4).
(2)  Notice of an application under subsection (1) shall be served, in accordance with the rules of court, on —
(a)every person referred to in subsection (1), other than the applicant;
(b)the Commissioner;
(c)the Registrar; and
(d)such other persons as the court may direct.
(3)  The applicant and any person referred to in subsection (2) (whether or not he has been served with a notice of the application) shall be entitled to appear and be heard on the hearing of the application.
(4)  The court may, on an application made under subsection (1), make an order to settle a scheme for the reinstatement or continued use of the subdivided building in whole or in part.
(5)  An order made under subsection (4) shall take effect on such day as may be specified in the order.
(6)  Without limiting the generality of subsection (4), an order made under that subsection may include directions for or with respect to any one or more of the following matters:
(a)the substitution for the existing schedule of strata units of a new schedule of strata units;
(b)the reinstatement in whole or in part of the building;
(c)the transfer or vesting of the interests of subsidiary proprietors of lots which have been wholly or partly destroyed to or in the management corporation;
(d)the application of any insurance moneys received by the management corporation in respect of the damage to or destruction of the subdivided building;
(e)the payment of moneys to or by the management corporation or the subsidiary proprietors or any one or more of them; and
(f)any matter in respect of which it is, in the opinion of the court, just and equitable, in the circumstances of the case, to make provision in the order.
(7)  An order made under subsection (4) shall have effect according to its tenor.
(8)  Where the court is of the opinion that an order should not be made under subsection (4), it may, upon application made by any person entitled to appear and be heard on the hearing of the application made under subsection (1) or of its own motion, direct that the application be treated as an application for an order under section 66; and where it makes such a direction —
(a)the application the subject of the direction shall be deemed to be made under section 66 by a person entitled to make the application; and
(b)the applicant under subsection (1), as well as any other person entitled to appear and be heard under section 66, is entitled to appear and be heard on the hearing of the application.
(9)  The court may, from time to time, vary any order made under subsection (4) on the application of any person entitled to appear and be heard on the hearing of the application for that order.
Termination of strata subdivision scheme by the court
66.—(1)  An application to the court for an order for the termination of the strata subdivision of a subdivided building and the cancellation of the strata title plan registered under this Act may be made by —
(a)any subsidiary proprietor or registered mortgagee of a lot the subject of the subdivided building; or
(b)the management corporation,
and the court on being satisfied that it is just and equitable that the strata subdivision of a subdivided building be terminated may make an order to that effect after having considered —
(i)the scheme and intent of this Act;
(ii)the probability of unfairness to one or more subsidiary proprietors if termination of subdivision is not ordered; and
(iii)the rights and interests of the subsidiary proprietors as a whole.
(2)  Notice of an application under subsection (1) shall be served, in accordance with the rules of court, on —
(a)every person referred to in subsection (1), other than the applicant;
(b)the Commissioner;
(c)the Registrar; and
(d)such other persons (including creditors of the management corporation) as the court may direct.
(3)  The applicant and any person referred to in subsection (2) (whether or not he has been served with a notice of the application) shall be entitled to appear and be heard on the hearing of the application.
(4)  An order made under subsection (1) shall take effect on such day as may be specified in the order.
(5)  An order made under subsection (1) shall include directions for or with respect to the following matters:
(a)the sale or disposition of any property of the management corporation;
(b)the discharge of the liabilities of the management corporation;
(c)the persons liable to contribute moneys required for the discharge of the liabilities of the management corporation and the proportionate liability of each such person;
(d)the distribution of the assets of the management corporation and the proportionate entitlement of each person under that distribution;
(e)the administration, powers, authorities, duties and functions of the management corporation;
(f)the voting power at meetings of the management corporation of persons referred to in paragraph (c) or (d);
(g)any matter in respect of which it is, in the opinion of the court, just and equitable, in the circumstances of the case, to make provision in the order; and
(h)the winding up of the management corporation (including the appointment, powers, authorities, duties and functions of any person to carry out the winding up).
(6)  Upon an order under this section taking effect —
(a)the persons, who immediately before the order took effect, were subsidiary proprietors of the lots the subject of the strata title plan concerned shall cease to be subsidiary proprietors of those lots and shall be entitled to the parcel as tenants-in-common in the shares proportional to their respective share units and for the same term and tenure as their respective lots were held by them prior to the date the order took effect;
(b)any subsisting encumbrance registered against any of the lots referred to in paragraph (a) shall be an encumbrance on the share of the subsidiary proprietor concerned in the registered land comprising the parcel, and a memorial or notification of the encumbrance entered in the volume and folio of the land comprising the registered land shall bear the same date as the date of registration of that encumbrance against the lot;
(c)all statutory easements implied under this Act shall cease to affect the registered land comprising the parcel or any part thereof; and
(d)the former subsidiary proprietors shall have the power to transfer their interests and estates in the parcel of any part thereof.
(7)  The provisions of an order made under this section shall have effect notwithstanding any provision of this Act, other than this section.
(8)  An order made under subsection (1) shall have effect according to its tenor.
(9)  Where the court is of the opinion that an order should not be made under subsection (1), it may, upon application made by any person entitled to appear and be heard on the hearing of the application made under subsection (1) or of its own motion, direct that the application be treated as an application for an order under section 65; and where it makes such a direction —
(a)the application the subject of the direction shall be deemed to be an application made under section 65 by a person entitled to make the application; and
(b)the applicant under subsection (1), as well as any other person entitled to appear and be heard under section 65, is entitled to appear and be heard on the hearing of the application.
(10)  The court may, from time to time, vary any order made under subsection (1) on the application of any person who was entitled to appear and be heard on the hearing of the application for that order.
Interchangeability of notices
67.  Any notice served under section 65 or 66 shall, where it relates to an application which is required to be treated as an application under another of those sections, be deemed to be a notice served under that other section.
Consequences of making an order under section 65 or 66
68.—(1)  Upon receipt of a certified or office copy of the minute of an order made under section 65 or 66, the Registrar shall make appropriate entries in the subsidiary strata land register of the effect of the order.
(2)  Where, pursuant to the receipt of a certified or office copy of the minute of an order made under section 66, the Registrar has made entries in accordance with subsection (1), the Registrar shall, as soon as practicable after making the entries, cancel each folio of the subsidiary strata land register which evidences title to a lot the subject of the strata title plan.
Termination of strata subdivision scheme by management corporation
69.—(1)  In this section, “unanimous resolution” means a resolution passed at a duly convened general meeting of a management corporation of which at 21 days’ notice specifying the proposed resolution has been given and of which all the persons entitled to vote on a motion submitted to a general meeting of the management corporation have cast their votes either personally or by proxy in favour of the resolution.
(2)  A management corporation of a subdivided building shown on a strata title plan may by unanimous resolution resolve that the strata subdivision of the building be terminated.
(3)  A management corporation shall —
(a)within 14 days after the passing of a resolution referred to in subsection (2), lodge a certified copy of the resolution with the Registrar; and
(b)within 30 days after the passing of the resolution, give notice of the resolution in one or more newspapers circulating in Singapore.
(4)  If a management corporation fails to comply with subsection (3), the management corporation and every officer of the management corporation who is in default shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $1,000.
(5)  On receipt of a resolution referred to in subsection (2), the Registrar shall enter a notification of the cancellation of the strata subdivision of the building and a memorial of the vesting of the parcel in the subsidiary proprietors as tenants-in-common in the registered strata title plan and in the volume and folio of the land-register comprising the parcel.
(6)  Upon the entry of that memorial —
(a)each subsidiary proprietor shall cease to be a subsidiary proprietor of the lot, and shall be entitled to the parcel as a tenant-in-common with the other subsidiary proprietors in the shares proportional to his share units and for the same term and tenure held by him in respect of his lot;
(b)any subsisting encumbrance registered against a lot shall be an encumbrance on the share of the subsidiary proprietor concerned in the registered land comprising the parcel, and a memorial or notification of the encumbrance entered in the volume and folio of the land-register comprising that registered land shall bear the same date as the date of registration of that encumbrance against his lot; and
(c)all statutory easements implied under this Act shall cease to affect the registered land comprising the parcel or any part thereof.
(7)  The former subsidiary proprietors may by unanimous resolution direct the management corporation to transfer the parcel or any part thereof.
(8)  The management corporation, if it is satisfied that the resolution was duly passed and that all persons having registered interests in the parcel have consented in writing to the release of their respective interests in the registered land comprising the parcel or any part thereof, intended to be transferred, shall execute the appropriate transfer, and the transfer shall be valid and effective without execution by any person having a registered interest in the parcel, and the receipt of the management corporation for any moneys payable to the management corporation under the transfer shall be a sufficient discharge, and shall exonerate the person taking under the transfer from seeing to the application, or being answerable for any loss or misapplication, of the moneys expressed to have been so received.
(9)  A transfer executed by the management corporation pursuant to subsection (8) shall not be accepted for registration unless accompanied by a certificate in the prescribed form under the seal of the management corporation that the resolution was duly passed and that all necessary consents were given, and such a certificate shall, in favour of a purchaser of the parcel and in favour of the Registrar, be conclusive evidence of the facts stated therein.
(10)  When registered land or any part thereof is transferred by a former subsidiary proprietor or the management corporation after a notice of a resolution referred to in subsection (2) has been lodged with the Registrar —
(a)the former subsidiary proprietor, if he is the transferor, shall surrender to the Registrar his duplicate subsidiary strata certificate of title relating to his lot;
(b)the management corporation, if it is transferring the land on behalf of all the former subsidiary proprietors, shall surrender to the Registrar on behalf of all the former subsidiary proprietors their duplicate subsidiary strata certificates of title; and
(c)the Registrar, on receipt of the duplicate subsidiary strata certificate or certificates of title comprising the lot or lots, as the case may be, shall cancel the relevant folios of the subsidiary strata land-register, and registration of the transfer shall be effected by the Registrar issuing a certificate of title for the undivided share in the registered land or for the whole of the registered land transferred to the transferee, as the case may be.
(11)  Notwithstanding the termination of a strata subdivision under this section, the relevant record of the subsidiary strata land-register may be used in evidence as a record of matters relating to the subdivision before its termination so long as the management corporation continues in existence.
(12)  Where a transfer of the parcel made pursuant to subsection (6) has been lodged with and registered by the Registrar, the management corporation shall continue in existence for the purpose of winding up its affairs.
(13)  Unless and until a liquidator has been appointed by the management corporation for the purpose of carrying out the winding up of the management corporation, the council of the management corporation shall continue to perform the management corporation’s business for the purpose of winding up its affairs.
(14)  On a management corporation being wound up —
(a)every former subsidiary proprietor shall be liable to contribute to the assets of the management corporation to an amount sufficient for the payment of its debts and liabilities and the costs, charges and expenses of the winding up; and
(b)the assets of the management corporation, if any, shall be distributed among the former subsidiary proprietors,
in the same proportion as the proportion of contributions which such former subsidiary proprietors would have been liable for in accordance with section 32(2).
Liquidators
70.—(1)  Where a management corporation resolves that the strata subdivision of a building be terminated, it shall forthwith in general meeting appoint one or more liquidators for the purpose of winding up the affairs and distributing the assets of the management corporation and may fix the remuneration to be paid to him or them.
(2)  Where a liquidator has not been appointed for a management corporation pursuant to this section, the court may, on the application of a former subsidiary proprietor, a former mortgagee or a creditor of the management corporation appoint a liquidator for the management corporation.
(3)  On the appointment of a liquidator all the powers of the council of the management corporation shall cease and the liquidator shall have the power to carry on the management corporation’s business for the purpose of winding up its affairs.
(4)  The management corporation may in general meeting convened by any former subsidiary proprietor by special resolution of which special notice has been given to all the former subsidiary proprietors, former mortgagees, the creditors and the liquidators, remove any liquidator but no such resolution shall be effective to remove a liquidator if the court on the application of the liquidator or a creditor or a former mortgagee has ordered that the liquidator be not removed.
(5)  If a vacancy occurs by death, resignation, removal or otherwise in the office of a liquidator the management corporation in general meeting shall forthwith fill the vacancy by the appointment of a liquidator and fix the remuneration to be paid to him, and for that purpose a general meeting may be convened by any former subsidiary proprietors, or if there were more liquidators than one by the continuing liquidators.
(6)  The meeting shall be held in the manner provided by this Act or in such manner as is on application by any former subsidiary proprietor or by the continuing liquidators determined by the court.
(7)  The court may, on the application of a former subsidiary proprietor, a former mortgagee or the liquidator and on being satisfied that the affairs of the management corporation have been wound up, make an order that the liquidator be released and that the management corporation be dissolved and on the expiry of 3 months of the lodging of such order with the Registrar and the Commissioner, the management corporation shall be dissolved.
(8)  Notwithstanding subsection (7), the court may, on the application of the liquidator or of any other person who appears to the court to be interested, make an order deferring the date at which the dissolution of the management corporation is to take effect for such time as the court thinks fit.
(9)  The person on whose application an order of the court under this section is made shall, within 21 days after the making of the order, lodge with the Registrar and with the Commissioner an office copy of the order, and if he fails to do so he shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $1,000.
Interpretation
71.  For the purposes of sections 69 and 70 —
“former mortgagee” means a person who, or a body which, immediately before the subdivision of a subdivided building is terminated under this section, was the registered mortgagee of a lot, forming part of the subdivided building;
“former subsidiary proprietor” means a person who, or a body which, immediately before the subdivision of a subdivided building is terminated under this Part, was the subsidiary proprietor of a lot, forming part of the subdivided building.
PART VI
GENERAL
Other rights and remedies not affected by this Act
72.  Nothing in this Act shall affect or take away any rights or remedies that a subsidiary proprietor or mortgagee of a lot or a management corporation may have in relation to any lot or the common property apart from this Act.
Management corporation may represent subsidiary proprietors in proceedings
73.—(1)  Where the subsidiary proprietors of the lots in a subdivided building are jointly entitled to take proceedings against any person or are liable to have proceedings taken against them jointly (any such proceedings being proceedings for or with respect to common property), the proceedings may be taken by or against the management corporation and any judgment or order given or made in favour of or against the management corporation in any such proceedings shall have effect as if it were a judgment or order given or made in favour of or against the subsidiary proprietors.
(2)  Where a subsidiary proprietor is liable to make a contribution to another subsidiary proprietor in respect of a judgment debt arising under a judgment referred to in subsection (1), the amount of that contribution shall bear to the judgment debt the same proportion as the share value of the lot of the first-mentioned subsidiary proprietor bears to the aggregate share value.
Management corporation’s power to take proceedings as agent for subsidiary proprietor in case of structural defects
74.  Where —
(a)the condition of any lot in a parcel affects or is likely to affect the support or shelter provided by that lot for another lot in the same building or the common property; and
(b)the subsidiary proprietor of the lot in that condition has neglected or refused within a reasonable time to take any proceedings for the purpose of exercising any right or enforcing any remedy available to him to have that condition rectified,
the management corporation may, as agent for the subsidiary proprietor of the lot in that condition but at its own expense, take any of the proceedings referred to in paragraph (b).
Costs in proceedings by subsidiary proprietors against management corporation
75.—(1)  In any proceedings brought by one or more subsidiary proprietors against the management corporation, the court may order that any moneys (including costs) payable by the management corporation pursuant to an order of the court made in those proceedings shall be paid, only in respect of such lots as are specified in the order and in such proportions as may be so specified, by the management corporation out of contributions levied for the purpose.
(2)  Where a court makes an order under subsection (1), the management corporation shall, for the purpose of paying the moneys ordered to be paid by it, levy contributions in accordance with the terms of the order and shall pay the moneys out of the contributions paid pursuant to that levy, and section 32, (subsection (2) excepted) shall apply to and in respect of contributions levied under this subsection in the same way as it applies to contributions levied under that section.
Service of documents on management corporation, subsidiary proprietors and others
76.—(1)  A summons or other legal process may be served on a management corporation by leaving it with the chairman or secretary of the management corporation or of the council or with any member of the council.
(2)  A document other than a document referred to in subsection (1) may be served on a management corporation —
(a)by leaving it with any person referred to in subsection (1) or in the receptacle provided by the management corporation pursuant to section 45; or
(b)by sending it, by registered post, to the management corporation at its address recorded on the folio of the Register comprising the common property.
(3)  Subject to the provisions of this Act, a notice or other document required or authorised by this Act or the by-laws to be served by the Commissioner, a management corporation, a council or the secretary of a council on a proprietor, subsidiary proprietor, lessee, mortgagee or occupier of a lot may be served —
(a)by leaving it with some person apparently of or above the age of 18 years —
(i)where the person to be served is an occupier of the lot, at the address of the lot; or
(ii)where an address for the service of notices on the person to be served is recorded in the strata roll, at the address so recorded;
(b)by sending it, by registered post, to the person to be served, where an address for the service of notices on that person is recorded in the strata roll, at the address so recorded; or
(c)in the case of a subsidiary proprietor, by affixing the notice on the front door of his lot.
(4)  Section 51(3) of the Land Titles Act (Cap. 276) shall apply to the service of documents on a management corporation and a subsidiary proprietor.
Breaches of provisions of Part IV
77.—(1)  If a management corporation commits a breach of any of the provisions of Part IV, or makes default in complying with any requirement of, or duty imposed on it by, any of the provisions of Part IV, the management corporation and every member of its council, or every subsidiary proprietor, who is knowingly a party to the breach or default shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a penalty expressly prescribed for such breach or default, or, if no penalty is so prescribed, to a fine not exceeding $2,000.
(2)  Where a requirement or duty is imposed on a management corporation by Part IV, any person for whose benefit, or for the benefit of whose lot that requirement or duty is imposed on the management corporation may apply to the court for an order compelling the management corporation to carry out the requirement or perform the duty, as the case may be, and, on such an application being made, the court may make such order as it thinks proper.
Legal proceedings
78.—(1)  Every application to the court under this Act shall be by summons in chambers.
(2)  Where this Act provides for any sum to be recovered by any person or authority from any other person or authority, the sum may be recovered by an action for a debt in any court of competent jurisdiction.
Minister may make regulations for purposes of Parts IV and VI
79.—(1)  The Minister may make such regulations as he considers necessary or expedient for giving full effect to the provisions and purposes of Parts IV and VI and for the due administration thereof.
(2)  Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1), the Minister may make regulations not inconsistent with this Act for all or any of the following purposes:
(a)prescribing the fees to be paid to a management corporation for any thing to be done under this Act;
(b)prescribing the fees to be paid to members of the council of a management corporation;
(c)prescribing the minimum amount of contributions payable by subsidiary proprietors towards the sinking fund of a management corporation;
(d)regulating the investment of moneys belonging to the sinking funds of management corporations;
(e)requiring management corporations of subdivided buildings used for both residential and commercial purposes to set aside sufficient parking lots for the use of occupiers of the lots in the subdivided building used exclusively for residential purposes; and
(f)prescribing any matter which by this Act is required or permitted to be prescribed.
PART VII
ISSUE OF SUBSIDIARY CERTIFICATES OF TITLES FOR FLATS UNDER OTHER SCHEMES
Issue of subsidiary certificate of title to registered lessee
80.—(1)  A registered lessee may by an application in the prescribed form apply to the Registrar for the issue of a subsidiary certificate of title in respect of the registered leasehold estate to his flat.
(2)  The registered lessee shall at the time of making his application surrender his duplicate lease to the Registrar.
(3)  Upon the issue of a subsidiary certificate of title, the Registrar shall enter a memorial in the volume and folio of the land-register of the registered land on or over which the flat is erected to the effect that a subsidiary certificate of title has been issued to the registered lessee for his registered leasehold estate.
(4)  The subsidiary certificate of title shall be in the prescribed form and upon its issue any assurance or other dealing affecting the leasehold estate comprised therein shall be subject to the Land Titles Act (Cap. 276).
Flats sold by the Housing and Development Board
81.—(1)  The restriction imposed by section 6(1) on an assurance disposing of any part of a subdivided building shall not apply to any assurance disposing of any interest in any flat in a subdivided building erected on registered land where the interest in the flat is held under a lease from the Board.
(2)  Where a strata title plan and an application for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title are lodged by the Board with and duly registered by the Registrar, the provisions of this Act relating to a strata title plan and a subsidiary proprietor and Parts IV, V and VI shall apply to each and every subdivided building comprised in the registered strata title plan.
(3)  In this section, “Board” means the Housing and Development Board constituted under the Housing and Development Act (Cap. 271).
Flats sold by the Jurong Town Corporation
82.—(1)  The restriction imposed by section 6(1) on an assurance disposing of any part of a subdivided building shall not apply to any assurance disposing of any interest in any flat in any subdivided building erected on registered land where the interest in the flat is held under a lease from the Jurong Town Corporation.
(2)  Where a strata title plan and an application for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title are lodged by the Jurong Town Corporation with and duly registered by the Registrar, the provisions of this Act relating to a registered strata title plan and a subsidiary proprietor and Parts IV, V and VI shall apply to each and every subdivided building comprised in the registered strata title plan.
(3)  In this section, “Jurong Town Corporation” means the Jurong Town Corporation constituted under the Jurong Town Corporation Act (Cap. 209).
Bringing land under the Land Titles Act where flats have been erected thereon
83.—(1)  Where there are three or more flats in a building and subsisting leases for those flats have been registered under the Registration of Deeds Act (Cap. 281), the registered proprietor of the land together with the registered proprietors of those flats who altogether own not less than one-fourth of the total number of flats in the building may lodge with the Registrar an application —
(a)to have the land brought under the Land Titles Act (Cap. 276); and
(b)for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for all those flats.
(2)  An application submitted to the Registrar pursuant to subsection (1) shall be accompanied by —
(a)a transfer of the registered proprietor’s estate and interest in the land to the registered proprietors of all the flats in the said building as tenants-in-common in the shares according to the ratio of one share to each flat except where the flats are of different sizes, the share in the land allotted to the proprietor of each flat shall have the value determined by the Registrar; and
(b)a strata title plan (as approved by the Chief Surveyor) prepared for the purpose of the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for those flats.
(3)  The Registrar may, upon acceptance of the application, dispense with the production of the leases of the flats.
(4)  Before issuing subsidiary strata certificates of title in favour of the registered proprietors of the flats as shown in the records of the Registry of Deeds, the Registrar shall —
(a)require a notice in the form approved by him to be inserted once in one or more daily newspapers to the effect that the Registrar will issue the subsidiary strata certificates of title pursuant to this section to the registered proprietors of the flats as shown in the records maintained at the Registry of Deeds after the expiration of 6 weeks from the date of publication of the notice if no valid objection is received by the Land Titles Registry; and
(b)send by registered post a copy of the notice referred to in paragraph (a) to the registered proprietors of all the flats at the addresses shown in the records of the Registry of Deeds or in the transfer referred to in subsection (2) where the addresses differ from that shown in the Registry of Deeds.
(5)  Notwithstanding subsections (1), (2), (3) and (4), the Registrar may, in order to relieve any case of extreme hardship, in his discretion, issue any subsidiary strata certificate of title in favour of a purchaser of a flat whose assignment of the leasehold estate of the flat has been duly stamped and lodged with the Registrar of Deeds, notwithstanding that the name of the purchaser was not shown in the transfer lodged pursuant to subsection (2).
(6)  Where the registered proprietors of the flats who altogether own not less than one-fourth of the total number of the flats as shown in the records of the Registry of Deeds as at the date of transfer mentioned in subsection (2) have agreed in writing to accept the transfer of the estate and interest of the registered proprietor of the land, all the registered proprietors of the flats within the same development and all the respective successors-in-title or assigns shall be deemed to have accepted the transfer of the registered proprietor’s estate and interest in the land and to have given consent to the application for the issue of the subsidiary strata certificates of title by the Registrar and the acceptance of the transfer of the registered proprietor’s estate and interest in the land.
(7)  The registered proprietor of the land shall deposit with the Registrar the title deeds in his possession relating to the land and the Registrar may, after inspection of the title deeds, create a folio of the land-register by issuing a certificate of title for the land on which the flats are erected.
(8)  Where the Registrar is satisfied with the evidence of title and that all the necessary documents are in order, the Registrar may issue subsidiary strata certificates of title for the flats after the publication of the notice referred to in subsection (4).
(9)  The Registrar may, pursuant to subsections (7) and (8), issue the certificate of title and the subsidiary strata certificates of title qualified as to their title or their boundaries and dimensions, and sections 16 and 144 of the Land Titles Act (Cap. 276) shall apply mutatis mutandis to such certificate of title and subsidiary strata certificates of title.
(10)  Upon the registration of the strata title plan, the management corporation of the parcel of land shall reimburse the person or persons who incurred any expenditure for the purpose of —
(a)bringing the land under the Land Titles Act (Cap. 276);
(b)applying for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of titles for all those flats comprised in a building or buildings erected on the parcel;
(c)lodging the transfer pursuant to subsection (2);
(d)the preparation of the strata title plan for the parcel;
(e)the publication of the notices referred to in subsection (4)(a); and
(f)issuing notices to the proprietors of the flats pursuant to subsection (4)(b).
(11)  It shall be the duty of the management corporation to determine the amount of contributions payable by the subsidiary proprietors of the lots in the subdivided building concerned to its management fund to meet the expenditure referred to in subsection (10) and any contributions so levied by the management corporation shall be deemed to be contributions levied under section 38(1)(r).
Commissioner may direct owner of land and subsidiary proprietors of the flats erected on the land to bring the land under the Land Titles Act and to obtain subsidiary strata certificates of title
84.—(1)  Where the registered proprietor of the land on which twenty or more flats are erected is not the registered proprietor of all those flats and there are leases subsisting in the Registry of Deeds in respect of those flats and no application has been lodged under section 83 to bring the land under the Land Titles Act and for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for those flats, the Commissioner may issue an order directing the registered proprietor of the land and the registered proprietors of the flats as shown in the records of the Registry of Deeds to submit applications under that section to have the land brought under the Land Titles Act and for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of titles in respect of those flats.
(2)  Where the registered proprietor of the land and the registered proprietors of the flats referred to in subsection (1) fail to comply with the order of the Commissioner within a period of 12 months from the date of the order issued by the Commissioner under that subsection, the Commissioner may proceed to make an application under section 83 on their behalf and the Commissioner may execute on behalf of —
(a)the registered proprietor of the land a transfer of his estate or interest in the land to the registered proprietors of all the flats as tenants-in-common in the shares according to the ratio of one share to each flat or, where the flats are of different sizes, the shares shall have the values determined by the Registrar; and
(b)the registered proprietors of all the flats the application for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for those flats.
(3)  Where the Commissioner intends to proceed with an application on behalf of the registered proprietor of the land and the registered proprietors of the flats, he may, after consultation with the Registrar, issue a direction in writing to the registered proprietors of the flats to pay such amount as may be determined by the Commissioner which he considers necessary to meet the costs of the applications under section 83 and the amount shall be deposited within such period, not being less than 30 days from the service of the direction, as the Commissioner may determine.
(4)  The Commissioner may recover the amount determined by him pursuant to subsection (3) as a debt due to the Government.
Issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for flats with subsisting leases registered under the Land Titles Act
85.—(1)  Where there are subsisting leases of flats registered under the Land Titles Act (Cap. 276), the registered proprietors of the flats who altogether own not less than one-fourth of the total number of flats comprised in the building erected on the same parcel of land together with the registered proprietor of the land on which the said flats are erected may lodge with the Registrar a transfer of the estate and interest of the registered proprietor of the land to all the registered proprietors of the flats as tenants-in-common in the shares according to the ratio of one share to each flat together with an application for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for the flats.
(2)  Where the flats in the building are of different sizes, the shares in the land to be allotted to the registered proprietor of each flat shall have the values determined by the Registrar.
(3)  An application submitted pursuant to subsection (1) shall be accompanied by a strata title plan (as approved by the Chief Surveyor) prepared for the purpose of the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for the flats.
(4)  The Registrar may, upon acceptance of the instruments and strata title plan and being satisfied that the instruments and strata title plan are in order, register all the registered proprietors of the flats as the proprietors of the registered land as tenants-in-common and issue the subsidiary strata certificates of title according to the strata title application and the strata title plan lodged and dispense with the production of the duplicate leases of the flats.
(5)  Where the registered proprietors of the flats who altogether own not less than one-fourth of the total number of flats comprised in the building erected on the parcel of land have agreed in writing to accept the transfer of all the estate and interest of the registered proprietor in the land, all the remaining registered proprietors of the flats in the same building shall be deemed to have accepted the said transfer and deemed to have applied for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for the flats.
(6)  Before issuing subsidiary strata certificates of title in favour of the registered proprietors of the flats as shown in the records of the Registry of Land Titles, the Registrar shall —
(a)require a notice in the form approved by him to be inserted once in one or more daily newspapers to the effect that the Registrar will issue the subsidiary strata certificates of title pursuant to this section to the registered proprietors of the flats as shown in the records maintained at the Registry of Land Titles after the expiration of 6 weeks from the date of publication of the notice if no valid objection is received by the Registrar; and
(b)send by registered post a copy of the notice referred to in paragraph (a) to the registered proprietors of all the flats at the addresses shown in the records of the Registry of Land Titles or in the transfer lodged under subsection (1) where the addresses differ from that shown in the records of the Registry of Land Titles.
(7)  Notwithstanding subsections (1), (2) and (3), the Registrar may, in order to relieve any case of extreme hardship, in his discretion, issue any subsidiary strata certificate of title in favour of a purchaser of a flat whose assignment of the leasehold estate of the flats has been duly stamped and lodged with him, notwithstanding that the name of the purchaser was not shown in the transfer lodged pursuant to subsection (1).
(8)  The Registrar may, pursuant to subsection (3), issue the subsidiary strata certificates of title qualified as to their title or their boundaries and dimensions, and sections 16 and 144 of the Land Titles Act (Cap. 276) shall apply mutatis mutandis to such subsidiary strata certificates of title.
(9)  Upon the registration of the strata title plan, the management corporation of the parcel of land shall reimburse the person or persons who incurred any expenditure for the purpose of —
(a)applying for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of titles for all those flats comprised in a building or buildings erected on the parcel;
(b)lodging the transfer pursuant to subsection (1);
(c)the preparation of the strata title plan for the parcel;
(d)the publication of the notices referred to in subsection (6)(a); and
(e)issuing notices to the proprietors of the flats pursuant to subsection (6)(b).
(10)  It shall be the duty of the management corporation to determine the amount of contributions payable by the subsidiary proprietors of the lots in the subdivided building concerned to its management fund to meet the expenditure referred to in subsection (9) and any contributions so levied by the management corporation shall be deemed to be contributions levied under section 38(1)(r).
Commissioner may issue order directing owners of flats with leases registered under the Land Titles Act to apply for subsidiary strata certificates of title
86.—(1)  Where there are subsisting leases of flats registered under the Land Titles Act (Cap. 276) and the registered proprietor of the land on which the building comprising the flats is erected has not transferred his estate and interest in the land to the registered proprietors of the flats, the Commissioner may issue an order directing —
(a)the registered proprietor to transfer his estate or interest in the land to registered proprietors of the flats as tenants-in-common in the shares according to the ratio of one share to each flat or, where the flats are of different sizes, the shares shall have the values determined by the Registrar; and
(b)the registered proprietors of the flats to lodge an application for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for the flats.
(2)  Where there are subsisting leases of flats registered under the Land Titles Act (Cap. 276) and the registered proprietor of the land on which the building comprising the flats is erected has transferred his estate and interest in the land to the registered proprietors of the flats and no application has been lodged with the Registrar for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for those flats, the Commissioner may issue an order directing the registered proprietors of the flats to lodge an application with the Registrar for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for the flats.
(3)  Section 85 shall apply mutatis mutandis to an application for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title under this section.
(4)  Where the registered proprietor of the land or the registered proprietors of the flats or both of them fail to comply with the order of the Commissioner issued under subsection (1) or (2) within a period of 12 months from the date of the order issued by the Commissioner under that subsection, the Commissioner may proceed to make an application on their behalf and may —
(a)execute on behalf of the registered proprietor of the land a transfer of his estate or interest in the land to the registered proprietors of all the flats as tenants-in-common in the shares according to the ratio of one share to each flat or, where the flats are of different sizes, the shares shall have the values determined by the Registrar; and
(b)execute on behalf of the registered proprietors of all the flats the application for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for those flats.
(5)  Where the Commissioner intends to proceed with an application on behalf of the registered proprietor of the land or the registered proprietors of the flats or both of them, he may, after consultation with the Registrar, issue a direction in writing to the registered proprietors of the flats to pay such amount as may be determined by the Commissioner to meet the costs of the application and the amount shall be deposited within such period, not being less than 30 days from the service of the direction, as the Commissioner may determine.
(6)  The Commissioner may recover the amount determined by him pursuant to subsection (5) as a debt due to the Government.
Issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for flats with subsisting leases registered under the Registration of Deeds Act where the land is vested in the flatowners as tenants-in-common
87.—(1)  Where there are subsisting leases of flats registered under the provisions of the Registration of Deeds Act (Cap. 281) and the registered estate or interest in the land on which the flats are erected is vested, subject to the provisions of the Land Titles Act (Cap. 276), in the lessees of the flats as tenants-in-common in the shares shown in the land-register, the registered lessees of those flats who altogether own not less than one-fourth of the total number of those flats may lodge with the Registrar an application for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for all those flats.
(2)  An application submitted to the Registrar pursuant to subsection (1) shall be accompanied by a strata title plan (as approved by the Chief Surveyor) prepared for the purpose of the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for those flats.
(3)  The Registrar may, upon acceptance of the application, dispense with the production of the leases of the flats.
(4)  Before issuing subsidiary strata certificates of title in favour of the registered lessees of the flats as shown in the records of the Registry of Deeds, the Registrar shall —
(a)require a notice in the form approved by him to be inserted once in one or more daily newspapers to the effect that the Registrar will issue the subsidiary strata certificates of title pursuant to this section to the registered lessees of the flats as shown in the records maintained at the Registry of Deeds after the expiration of 6 weeks from the date of publication of the notice if no valid objection is received by the Land Titles Registry; and
(b)send by registered post a copy of the notice referred to in paragraph (a) to the registered lessees of all the flats at the addresses shown in the records of the Registry of Deeds.
(5)  Where the Registrar is satisfied that all the necessary documents are in order, the Registrar may issue subsidiary strata certificates of title for the flats after the publication of the notice referred to in subsection (4).
(6)  Any subsidiary strata certificates of title issued by the Registrar pursuant to subsection (5) may be qualified as to their boundaries and dimensions, and sections 16 and 144 of the Land Titles Act (Cap. 276) shall apply mutatis mutandis to such subsidiary strata certificates of title.
(7)  Upon the registration of the strata title plan, the management corporation of the parcel of land shall reimburse the person or persons who incurred any expenditure for the purpose of —
(a)applying for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of titles for all those flats comprised in a building or buildings erected on the parcel;
(b)the preparation of the strata title plan for the parcel;
(c)the publication of the notices referred to in subsection (4)(a); and
(d)issuing notices to the proprietors of the flats pursuant to subsection (4)(b).
(8)  It shall be the duty of the management corporation to determine the amount of contributions payable by the subsidiary proprietors of the lots in the subdivided building concerned to its management fund to meet the expenditure referred to in subsection (7) and any contributions so levied by the management corporation shall be deemed to be contributions levied under section 38(1)(r).
Commissioner may issue order directing owners of flats to apply for subsidiary certificates of title
88.—(1)  Where there are subsisting leases of flats registered in the Registry of Deeds and the registered estate and interest on the land on which the flats are erected is vested in the registered lessees of the flats as tenants-in-common and no application has been lodged with the Registrar pursuant to section 87 for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title to those flats, the Commissioner may issue an order directing the registered proprietors of those flats to submit an application under section 87 to the Registrar for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for the flats.
(2)  Where the registered proprietors of the flats referred to in subsection (1) fail to submit an application as aforesaid within a period of 6 months from the date of the order issued by the Commissioner, the Commissioner may proceed to make an application under section 87 for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for the flats on behalf of the registered proprietors of those flats and may execute on their behalf the application for the issue of subsidiary certificates of title for the flats.
(3)  Where the Commissioner intends to make an application on behalf of the registered proprietors of the flats pursuant to subsection (2), he may, after consultation with the Registrar, issue a direction in writing to the registered proprietors of the flats to pay such amount as he considers necessary to meet the costs of the application for the issue of subsidiary strata certificates of title for their flats and the amount shall be deposited within such period, being not less than 30 days from the service of the direction, as the Commissioner may determine.
(4)  The Commissioner may recover the amount determined by him pursuant to subsection (3) as a debt due to the Government.
Effect of the issue of qualified certificate of title and of subsidiary strata certificates of title
89.—(1)  Upon the issue of a qualified certificate of title for the land pursuant to sections 83 and 84, the provisions of the Land Titles Act relating to a qualified certificate of title except section 12(1), (2) and (6) of that Act shall apply to the land comprised therein.
(2)  Upon the issue of the subsidiary strata certificates of title for the flats pursuant to section 83, 84, 85, 86 or 87, all the provisions of the leases of the flats registered under the provisions of the Registration of Deeds Act (Cap. 281) and the Land Titles Act (Cap. 276) shall cease to apply to the flats except in respect of any terms, covenants and conditions which were subsisting prior to the date of the issue of the subsidiary strata certificates of title in so far as they relate to any obligations which have yet to be fulfilled or any cause of action which had arisen as between the registered proprietors of the flats themselves and as between the registered proprietors of the flats and the registered proprietors of the land on which the flats are erected.
Exemption from stamp duty
90.  A transfer lodged pursuant to section 83, 84, 85 or 86 shall be exempted from the payment of stamp duty.
Regulations
91.—(1)  The Minister may make regulations not inconsistent with this Act for giving effect to the provisions of this Act.
(2)  All such regulations shall be published in the Gazette and shall be presented to Parliament as soon as possible after publication.”.
New First, Second and Third Schedules
11.  The principal Act is amended by deleting the First and Second Schedules and substituting the following Schedules:
“FIRST SCHEDULE
Sections 31(2), (3) and (4) and 40(e).
By-laws
Chairman, secretary and treasurer of management corporation
1.  The chairman, secretary and treasurer of the council shall also be respectively the chairman, secretary and treasurer of the management corporation.
Council may employ agents and servants
2.  A council may employ for and on behalf of the management corporation such agents and servants as it thinks fit in connection with the exercise and performance of the powers, duties and functions of the management corporation.
Notice-board
3.  A council shall cause a notice-board to be affixed to some part of the common property.
Powers and duties of secretary of management corporation
4.—(1)  The powers and duties of a secretary of a management corporation shall include —
(a)the preparation and distribution of minutes of meetings of the management corporation;
(b)the giving on behalf of the management corporation of the notices required to be given under this Act;
(c)the maintenance of the strata roll;
(d)the supply of information on behalf of the management corporation in accordance with section 44(1)(a) and (b);
(e)the answering of communications addressed to the management corporation; and
(f)the calling of nominations of candidates for election as members of the council.
(2)  The secretary of a management corporation shall, within 28 days of a general meeting convened by the management corporation, file with the Commissioner certified true copies of —
(a)the audited accounts of the corporation which has been presented to the general meeting, if any;
(b)the resolutions passed at the general meeting; and
(c)the minutes of the general meeting.
Powers and duties of treasurer of management corporation
5.  The powers and duties of a treasurer of a management corporation shall include —
(a)the notifying of subsidiary proprietors of any contributions levied pursuant to this Act;
(b)the receipt, acknowledgment and banking of and the accounting for any money paid to the management corporation;
(c)the preparation of any certificate applied for under section 44(1)(c); and
(d)the keeping of the books of account referred to in section 38(1)(j) and the preparation of the statement of accounts referred to in section 38(1)(k).
Duty to furnish information
6.  Any member of the council shall furnish the Commissioner or any person authorised by him to act on his behalf such information as the member possesses which the Commissioner or any such duly authorised person considers necessary for the purposes of discharging the functions of the Commissioner under this Act or the Buildings and Common Property (Maintenance and Management) Act, 1973 (Act 23 of 1973).
Noise
7.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot shall not upon the parcel create any noise likely to interfere with the peaceful enjoyment of the subsidiary proprietor or occupier of another lot or of any person lawfully using the common property.
Vehicles
8.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot shall not park or leave any motor vehicle or other vehicle upon the common property except with the approval of the management corporation.
Obstruction of common property
9.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot shall not obstruct the lawful use of the common property by any person.
Damage to lawns, etc., on common property
10.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot shall not —
(a)damage any lawn, garden, trees, shrub, plant or flower being part of or situated upon the common property; or
(b)use for his own purposes as a garden any portion of the common property.
Damage to common property
11.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot shall not mark, paint, drive nails or screws or the like into, or otherwise damage or deface, any structure that forms part of the common property without the approval in writing of the management corporation, but this by-law shall not prevent a subsidiary proprietor or person authorised by him from installing —
(a)any locking or other safety device for the protection of his lot against intruders; or
(b)any screen or other device to prevent entry of animals or insects upon his lot.
Permission to carry out alterations
12.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier shall not make any alteration to the windows in any structure that forms part of the common property without having obtained the approval in writing of the management corporation.
Balconies
13.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot shall not make any alterations or additions to any balcony of his lot without the written approval of the management corporation.
Behaviour of subsidiary proprietors and occupiers
14.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot when upon the common property shall be adequately clothed and shall not use language or behave in a manner likely to cause offence or embarrassment to the subsidiary proprietor or occupier of another lot or to any person lawfully using the common property.
Children playing on common property in building
15.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot shall take all reasonable steps to ensure that any child of whom he has control when playing upon the common property shall not —
(a)cause any damage to the common property; and
(b)create any noise likely to interfere with the peaceful enjoyment of the subsidiary proprietor or occupier of another lot.
Behaviour of invitees
16.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot shall take all reasonable steps to ensure that his invitees do not behave in a manner likely to interfere with the peaceful enjoyment of the subsidiary proprietor or occupier of another lot or of any person lawfully using the common property.
Depositing rubbish, etc., on common property
17.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot shall not deposit or throw upon the common property any rubbish, dirt, dust or other material likely to interfere with the peaceful enjoyment of the subsidiary proprietor or occupier of another lot or of any person lawfully using the common property.
Drying of laundry items
18.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot shall not, except with the consent in writing of the management corporation, hang any washing, towel, bedding, clothing or other article on any part of the parcel in such a way as to be visible from outside the subdivided building other than on any lines provided for the purpose and there only for a reasonable period.
Cleaning windows, etc.
19.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot shall keep clean all glass in windows and all doors on the boundary of his lot, including so much thereof as is part of the common property.
Floor coverings
20.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot who carries out any pounding of chillies or other substances for cooking purposes shall ensure that the part of the floor on which the activity is carried out is covered to an extent sufficient to prevent the transmission therefrom of noise likely to disturb the peaceful enjoyment of the subsidiary proprietor or occupier of another lot.
Storage of flammable liquids, etc.
21.—(1)  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot shall not, except with the approval in writing of the management corporation, use or store upon his lot or upon the common property any flammable chemical, liquid, or gas or other flammable material, other than chemicals, liquids, gases or other material used or intended to be used for domestic purposes, or any such chemical, liquid, gas or other material in a fuel tank of a motor vehicle or internal combustion engine.
(2)  This by-law shall not apply to any lot where the subsidiary proprietor or occupier thereof has obtained a licence issued under section 14 of the Building Control Act, 1973 (Act 59 of 1973), authorising the use of a lot for a trade or other purpose specified in that section.
Refuse disposal
22.—(1)  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot in a multi-storeyed subdivided building provided with chutes for the disposal of refuse shall —
(a)ensure that before any refuse is thrown into the chutes it is securely wrapped in plastic bags or other similar materials; and
(b)not dispose of any large objects into the chutes which may obstruct the free fall of refuse in the chutes.
(2)  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot which is not provided with any chute for the disposal of refuse —
(a)shall maintain within his lot, or on such part of the common property as may be authorised by the management corporation, in clean and dry condition and adequately covered a receptacle for the disposal of refuse;
(b)shall ensure that before refuse is placed in the receptacle it is securely wrapped or, in the case of tins or other containers, completely drained;
(c)for the purpose of having the refuse collected shall, not more than one hour before the time at which refuse is normally collected, place the receptacle within an area designated for that purpose by the management corporation;
(d)when the refuse has been collected shall promptly return the receptacle to his lot or other area referred to in paragraph (a);
(e)shall not place any thing in the receptacle of the subsidiary proprietor or occupier of any other lot except with the permission of that subsidiary proprietor or occupier; and
(f)shall promptly remove anything which he or the refuse collector may have spilled from the receptacle and shall take such action as may be necessary to clean the area within which that thing was so spilled.
Keeping of animals
23.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot shall not keep any animal upon his lot or the common property which may cause annoyance to the subsidiary proprietors or occupiers of other lots.
Duty to maintain lot
24.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot shall maintain his lot including all sanitary fittings, water, gas, electrical and air-conditioning pipes and apparatus thereof in a good condition so as not to cause annoyance to the subsidiary proprietors or occupiers of other lots.
Lot not to be used for purpose injurious to the reputation of the building
25.  A subsidiary proprietor or occupier of a lot shall not use his lot for any purpose (illegal or otherwise) which may be injurious to the reputation of the subdivided building.
SECOND SCHEDULE
Section 50(7).
Proceedings of the Councils of Management Corporations
Chairman to preside at meetings
1.  The chairman shall preside at all meetings of the council at which he is present and, if he is absent from any such meeting, the members of the council present at that meeting shall appoint one of their number to preside at that meeting during the absence of the chairman.
Meetings of councils
2.—(1)  At any meeting of a council a quorum shall consist, where there is only one member of a council, of that member or, where there are two or more members of a council, of the majority of the members of the council.
(2)  Subject to this Act, the decision on any matter, where there is only one member of a council, of that member or, where there are two or more members of a council, of the majority of the members voting on that matter shall be the decision of the council at any meeting at which a quorum is present.
(3)  A council shall cause a record of its decisions, of any notices given to its secretary under section 54(3), and full and accurate minutes of its meetings, to be kept.
Keeping of records
3.—(1)  The council shall keep minutes of its proceedings and shall cause minutes of general meetings to be kept.
(2)  The council shall —
(a)cause proper books of account to be kept in respect of all sums of money received and expended by it, specifying the matters in relation to which the receipts and expenditure take place; and
(b)on the application of a subsidiary proprietor or mortgagee of a lot (or any person authorised in writing by him) make the books of account available for inspection at all reasonable times.
(3)  The council shall permit the Commissioner or any person authorised by him to act on his behalf at all reasonable times full and free access to accounting and other records of the corporation and permit the Commissioner or such person to make copies of or make extracts from any such accounting or other records.
Notice of council meetings
4.  For not less than 24 hours ending immediately before a council holds a meeting, it shall cause a notice of its intention to hold the meeting, containing the agenda for the meeting, to be displayed on the notice-board of the management corporation.
Subsidiary proprietor’s attendance at council meetings
5.  A subsidiary proprietor shall be entitled to attend a meeting of the council but may not address the meeting except with the permission of the council.
Acts, etc., of council valid notwithstanding vacancy, etc.
6.  Any act or proceeding of a council done in good faith shall, notwithstanding that at the time when the act or proceeding was done, taken or commenced there was —
(a)a vacancy in the office of a member of the council; or
(b)any defect in the appointment, or any disqualification of any such member,
be as valid as if the vacancy, defect or disqualification did not exist and the council were fully and properly constituted.
THIRD SCHEDULE
Sections 30(5) and 38(1)(l).
General Meetings of A Management Corporation
General meetings of management corporation
1.—(1)  An annual general meeting of a management corporation shall be held in each year on a date not later than 15 months after the holding of the last preceding annual general meeting.
(2)  A general meeting of a management corporation (referred to in this Schedule as an extraordinary general meeting), which is not an annual general meeting, shall be held whenever it is convened by the council.
(3)  Notice of a general meeting of a management corporation shall be served on each subsidiary proprietor and first mortgagee of a lot, as ascertained from the strata roll, at least 7 days before the meeting.
(4)  Every such notice for an annual general meeting shall —
(a)be accompanied by a copy of the statement of accounts of the management corporation last prepared by the management corporation in accordance with section 38(1)(j); and
(b)include a motion for the adoption of those accounts.
(5)  Every such notice for an annual general meeting or an extraordinary general meeting shall —
(a)specify the place, day and hour for the meeting;
(b)include each proposed resolution to be considered at the meeting;
(c)specify any other business to be transacted at the meeting; and
(d)inform each person to whom the notice is addressed that he may vote in respect of each proposed resolution and, where relevant, on election of members of the council —
(i)in the case of a subsidiary proprietor of a lot subject to a first mortgage shown on the strata roll, only if the mortgagee fails or neglects to exercise the voting power conferred upon him by this Schedule;
(ii)except in the case of a unanimous resolution, only if all contributions levied and payable on the lot, and any other moneys recoverable under this Act by the management corporation from him at the date of the notice (being contributions levied on him, or moneys recoverable from him, in respect of the lot of which he is the subsidiary proprietor or first mortgagee) have been duly paid before the commencement of the meeting; and
(iii)either in person or by proxy at the meeting.
(6)  No motion shall be submitted at a general meeting unless notice of the resolution has been given in accordance with this paragraph.
(7)  A meeting at which a special or unanimous resolution is to be proposed shall be deemed not to be duly convened by the council if it does not give such notice thereof as is required by this Act in the case of special and unanimous resolutions.
Convening of extraordinary general meeting on requisition
2.—(1)  A council shall, on the receipt by the secretary of the management corporation of a requisition for an extraordinary general meeting signed by one or more persons entitled to vote in respect of one or more lots, the share value or the sum of the share value of which is at least one-fifth of the aggregate share value of all the lots in the subdivided building, forthwith proceed to convene an extraordinary general meeting of the management corporation to be held as soon as practicable but in any case not later than 6 weeks after the receipt by the secretary of the requisition.
(2)  The requisition shall state the objects of the meeting and shall be signed by the requisitionists and deposited at the registered address of the management corporation, and may consist of several documents in like form each signed by one or more requisitionists.
(3)  If the council does not within 14 days after the date of the deposit of the requisition proceed to convene a meeting, the requisitionist, or any one of them representing more than one-half of the total voting rights of all of them, may themselves, in the same manner as nearly as possible as that in which meetings are to be convened by the council convene a meeting, but any meeting so convened shall not be held after the expiration of 3 months from that date.
(4)  Any reasonable expenses incurred by the requisitionists by reason of the failure of the council to convene a meeting shall be paid to the requisitionists by the management corporation.
Persons entitled to vote at general meetings
3.—(1)  A person shall be entitled to vote in respect of any lot on any proposal submitted at a general meeting of a management corporation or on any election of members of the council only if he is the subsidiary proprietor of that lot as shown on the strata roll and has paid to the management corporation all contributions and any other moneys levied or recoverable by the management corporation under this Act.
(2)  Notwithstanding any other provision of this paragraph, a first mortgagee, as shown on the strata roll, of a lot shall be entitled to vote in respect of that lot on any proposals submitted at a general meeting of a management corporation or on any election of members of the council and, if he votes on that proposal, any vote cast by the subsidiary proprietor of that lot on the proposal shall not be counted.
(3)  The vote of co-proprietors or co-mortgagees may be cast by any of them in person or by a proxy and if both co-proprietors or co-mortgagees are present at a meeting of the management corporation the vote of the senior who casts a vote, whether in person or by a proxy, shall be accepted to the exclusion of the votes of the others; and for this purpose seniority shall be determined by the order in which the names stand in the strata roll.
(4)  Only the subsidiary proprietor entitled to the first of two or more successive estates in a lot shall, subject to this Schedule, be entitled to cast a vote on any proposal submitted at a general meeting of a management corporation or on any election of members of the council.
(5)  A subsidiary proprietor who is the trustee of a lot shall, subject to this Schedule, be entitled to cast a vote on any proposal submitted at a general meeting of a management corporation or on any election of members of the council and the persons beneficially interested in the trust shall not be entitled to cast such a vote.
(6)  The voting rights conferred by this paragraph shall be subject to section 49(9) and (10).
Quorum
4.—(1)  No business shall be transacted at any general meeting of a management corporation unless a quorum of members is present.
(2)  For the purposes of this paragraph, the number of subsidiary proprietors present at the meeting either in person or by proxy who own not less than one half of share units for all the lots shown on the strata title plan shall form a quorum. If within half an hour appointed for holding a general meeting no quorum of subsidiary proprietors is present, the general meeting, not being a general meeting convened on receipt of a requisition by members, may be held as if a quorum is present if there are two or more subsidiary proprietors present in person.
Motions out of order
5.  At a general meeting of a management corporation, the chairman may rule that a motion submitted at the meeting is out of order if he considers that the motion, if carried, would conflict with this Act or the by-laws or would otherwise be unlawful or unenforceable.
Method of casting vote
6.  Except as provided in paragraph 3(3), a vote on a motion submitted at a general meeting of a management corporation or on any election of members of the council may be cast by the person entitled to vote, either personally or by his duly appointed proxy.
Chairman to preside
7.  The chairman of the management corporation shall preside at any general meeting of the management corporation at which he is present and, in his absence from any such meeting, the persons present at that meeting and entitled to vote on motions submitted at that meeting may elect one of their number to preside at that meeting and the person so elected shall, while he is so presiding, be deemed to be the chairman of the management corporation.
Chairman to announce names of persons entitled to vote
8.  The chairman at any general meeting of the management corporation shall, before submitting a motion to the meeting or the holding of the election of members of the council, announce the names of the persons who are entitled to vote on that motion or at that election.
Counting of votes on election of council
9.  Each person entitled to vote on an election of members of the council shall have one vote in respect of each lot which he is entitled to vote.
Counting of votes on motion
10.—(1)  Subject to this paragraph, a motion submitted at a general meeting of a management corporation shall be decided according to the number of votes cast for and against the motion, whether personally, by proxy or in writing, each person entitled to vote having one vote in respect of each lot in respect of which he is entitled to vote.
(2)  If —
(a)a poll is demanded by any person entitled to vote at a general meeting of a management corporation on a motion submitted at that meeting, whether or not the motion has been decided in accordance with sub-paragraph (1), and the demand is made by that person personally at the meeting; or
(b)a motion submitted at such a meeting is for a resolution which, if it is to be effective, is required by this Act to be a special resolution,
the motion shall be decided according to the value, ascertained in accordance with sub-paragraphs (3) and (4), of the votes cast for and against the motion, whether personally, by proxy or in writing.
(3)  Subject to sub-paragraph (4), for the purposes of sub-paragraph (2) the value of a vote cast on a motion submitted at a general meeting of a management corporation by a person entitled to vote in respect of a lot shall be equal to the share of that lot.
(4)  For the purposes of sub-paragraph (2), the value of the vote cast by a subsidiary proprietor of a provisional lot shall be one-fourth of the value that, but for this sub-paragraph, his vote would have under sub-paragraph (3), ignoring any fraction.
(5)  A poll shall be taken in such manner as the chairman thinks fit.
(6)  A demand for a poll may be withdrawn by the person who made it.
Chairman’s declaration of vote
11.  The declaration of the chairman of the result of the voting on any proposal submitted at a general meeting of the management corporation, otherwise than on a poll, shall be conclusive without proof of the votes recorded for or against the proposal.
General meetings valid if attended only by chairman
12.  A general meeting of a management corporation shall, subject to paragraph 4, be validly held notwithstanding that the only person present at the meeting is the chairman of the management corporation.
Requisition for motions to be included on agenda for general meeting
13.—(1)  Any person entitled to vote at a general meeting of a management corporation may by notice in writing served on the secretary of the council require inclusion in the agenda of the next general meeting of the management corporation (other than a meeting in respect of which notices have already been given under paragraph 1(4)) of a motion set out in the first-mentioned notice and the secretary shall comply with the notice.
(2)  For the purposes of sub-paragraph (1), a subsidiary proprietor who, but for the existence of a mortgage over his lot, would be entitled to vote at a general meeting of the management corporation shall be deemed to be entitled to vote at that meeting.
Amendment or revocation of unanimous or special resolutions
14.  A unanimous resolution or special resolution of a management corporation shall not be amended or revoked except by a subsequent unanimous resolution or special resolution, as the case may be.
Duties of proprietor until council is elected
15.  Until the offices of chairman, secretary and treasurer of the management corporation are filled or until the expiration of the first annual general meeting, whichever first happens, the powers, duties and functions conferred or imposed on the holders of those offices shall be exercised and performed by the proprietor or by his agent duly authorised in writing.
Meetings of management corporation before first annual general meeting
16.—(1)  Until the first annual general meeting of the management corporation, the secretary of the management corporation may convene an extraordinary general meeting and shall do so on receipt of a requisition signed by one or more persons entitled to vote in respect of one or more lots, the share value or the sum of the share value of which is at least one-quarter of the aggregate share value.
(2)  The provisions of this Schedule (paragraph 1(1), (2), (3) and (5) excepted) shall apply to and in respect of a meeting referred to in sub-paragraph (1) so far as those provisions are not inconsistent with, or incapable of applying to, such a meeting.
Company may authorise representative to attend meetings
17.  A company which is a subsidiary proprietor may by resolution of its directors or other governing body authorise such person as it thinks fit to act as its representative either at a particular meeting or at all meetings of the management corporation and a person so authorised shall in accordance with his authority or until his authority is revoked by the company be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the company as the company could exercise if it were an individual.
Instrument of proxy
18.  An instrument appointing a proxy shall be in writing under the hand of the appointer or of his attorney duly authorised in writing or, if the appointer is a company, either under seal or under the hand of an officer or attorney duly authorised. A proxy need not be a subsidiary proprietor. The instrument appointing a proxy shall be deemed to confer authority to demand or join in demanding a poll.
Form of proxy for voting for or against a resolution
19.  Where it is desired to afford subsidiary proprietors an opportunity of voting for or against a resolution, the instrument appointing a proxy shall be in the following form or a form as near thereto as circumstances admit:
I/We,.............................................................., of ........................................................ being a member/members of the above-named management corporation, hereby appoint ........................., of ...................................., or failing him, ......................... of ...................................., as my/our proxy to vote for me/us on my/our behalf at the [annual or extraordinary, as the case may be] general meeting of the management corporation, to be held on the ............................ day of ........, 19 ......, and at any adjournment thereof. Signed this .................. day of ...................., 19 .......... . This form is to be used 1in favour of/against the resolution.
1  Strike out whichever is not desired. [Unless otherwise instructed, the proxy may vote as he thinks fit.]
Proxy to be deposited at registered address of management corporation
20.  The instrument appointing a proxy and the power of attorney or other authority, if any, under which it is signed or a notarially certified copy of that power or authority shall be deposited at the registered address of the management corporation, or at such other place in Singapore as is specified for that purpose in the notice convening the meeting, not less than 48 hours before the time for holding the meeting or adjourned meeting at which the person named in the instrument proposes to vote, or, in the case of a poll, not less than 48 hours before the time appointed for the taking of the poll, and in default the instrument of proxy shall not be treated as valid.
Authority not to be revoked by death of principal, etc.
21.  A vote given in accordance with the terms of an instrument of proxy or attorney shall be valid notwithstanding the previous death or unsoundness of mind of the principal or revocation of the instrument or of the authority under which the instrument was executed, or the transfer of the share in respect of which the instrument is given, if no intimation in writing of such death, unsoundness of mind, revocation, or transfer as aforesaid has been received by the management corporation at the registered office before the commencement of the meeting or adjourned meeting at which the instrument is used.”.
Transitional and savings provisions
12.—(1)  The transitional and savings provisions contained in the Schedule to this Act shall have effect.
(2)  Except as provided in the Schedule to this Act, nothing in that Schedule shall affect any saving provided by the Interpretation Act (Cap. 3).
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Last updated 31 Jan 2025
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