57. It shall be the duty of the occupier of a worksite with formwork structures to comply with regulations 58 and 59.
General requirement
58.—(1) In a worksite, every formwork structure shall —
(a)
be of sound material, good construction and adequate strength;
(b)
be free from patent defect;
(c)
be suitable and safe for the purpose for which it is intended; and
(d)
be properly braced or tied together so as to maintain position and shape.
(2) In a worksite, every formwork structure shall be capable of sustaining the total dead, live and impact loads imposed on the structure with a minimum safety factor of 2.
(3) Where a formwork structure in a worksite is of 2 or more tiers, frames or shores —
(a)
the tiers, frames or shores shall be securely and effectively connected vertically;
(b)
safe means of access to and around the formwork structure shall be provided for the purpose of inspection; and
(c)
every designated access point shall —
(i)
be clearly marked with a sign or label; and
(ii)
be made safe for use by any person using the access point.
(4) All reasonably practicable measures shall be taken to ensure that any new or existing formwork structure or any part of such a structure which may become unstable or is in temporary state of weakness or instability due to the carrying out of construction or erection work, does not collapse.
(5) No load is to be applied to unsecured structures in a worksite except as permitted by the design documentation, and no part of the formwork structure shall be loaded as to render it unsafe to any person.
Supports and shores
59.—(1) In a worksite, horizontal and diagonal bracing shall be provided in both longitudinal and transverse directions, as may be necessary to provide stability and rigidity to any formwork structure unless the formwork structure has been designed to be stable and rigid without the bracing.
(2) Shores in a worksite shall be properly seated top and bottom and shall be secured in place to prevent displacement.
(3) Where the shores rest upon the ground, sole plates shall be provided.
(4) All shores for the formwork structure in a worksite shall be of adequate size and spacing.
Appointment of formwork supervisor
60.—(1) It shall be the duty of —
(a)
the employer of any person who carries out any work involving the construction, erection, alteration or dismantling of a formwork structure in a worksite; or
(b)
the principal under whose direction any person carries out any work involving the construction, erection, alteration or dismantling of a formwork structure in a worksite,
to comply with paragraphs (2), (3) and (4).
(2) A formwork supervisor shall be appointed to supervise the construction, erection, alteration or dismantling of any formwork structure in a worksite.
(3) No person shall be appointed as a formwork supervisor in a worksite unless he has received adequate safety and health training to familiarise him with the hazards associated with the construction, erection, alteration or dismantling of the formwork structure and the precautions to be observed.
(4) No formwork structure shall be constructed, erected, altered or dismantled in a worksite except under the immediate supervision of a formwork supervisor.
Duties of formwork supervisor
61. It shall be the duty of a formwork supervisor —
(a)
to take, so far as is reasonably practicable, such measures as are necessary to ensure that during the erection of a formwork structure in a worksite, all the components of the formwork structure are properly erected, seated, connected, braced and tied so as to maintain its position and shape;
(b)
to make an inspection of the formwork structure upon the completion of the formwork structure to ensure that the formwork structure is in accordance with the design and drawings for that formwork structure; and
(c)
to immediately notify the occupier of the worksite upon discovering any unsafe condition during any inspection made under paragraph (b).
Register
62. It shall be the duty of the formwork supervisor to —
(a)
enter the results of every inspection referred to in regulation 61(b) into a register;
(b)
keep the register of such inspections of the formwork structure at the worksite; and
(c)
produce the register for inspection upon request by an inspector.
Design and construction of formwork structure
63.—(1) It shall be the duty of the occupier of a worksite where there is situated a formwork structure that —
(a)
exceeds 9 metres in height;
(b)
consists of any formwork which is supported by shores constructed in 2 or more tiers; or
(c)
consists of any formwork where the thickness of the slab or beam to be cast in the formwork exceeds 300 millimetres,
to comply with paragraphs (2) to (5).
(2) Any formwork structure referred to in paragraph (1) that is in a worksite shall be designed by a professional engineer and no other.
(3) No alteration shall be made or allowed to be made to a formwork structure referred to in paragraph (1) unless its design and drawings have been reviewed and endorsed by a professional engineer.
(4) The design and drawings of a formwork structure referred to in paragraph (1) shall be kept at the worksite and shall be produced for inspection upon request by an inspector.
(5) No formwork structure referred to in paragraph (1) shall be used in a worksite unless the certificate referred to in regulation 64(2)(ii) has been issued in respect of it.
Duties of professional engineer on formwork structure
64.—(1) It shall be the duty of a professional engineer who designs a formwork structure referred to in regulation 63(1) for use in a worksite to —
(a)
take, so far as is reasonably practicable, such measures to ensure that his design can be executed safely by any person who constructs or uses the formwork structure according to his design; and
(b)
provide to any person who is constructing or who is to construct the formwork structure all design documentation (including all relevant calculations, drawings and construction procedures) as is necessary to facilitate the proper construction of the formwork structure according to his design.
(2) It shall be the duty of —
(a)
the professional engineer who designs a formwork structure referred to in regulation 63(1) for use in a worksite; or
(b)
any other professional engineer who is appointed by the occupier of a worksite to oversee the construction of a formwork structure referred to in regulation 63(1) for use in the worksite,
to take, so far as is reasonably practicable, such measures as are necessary to ensure that the formwork structure —
(i)
is constructed in accordance with the design of the professional engineer who designed it; and
(ii)
is safe for its intended use when completely constructed and if so, issue a certificate stating that the formwork structure is safe for its intended use.
Concrete work
65.—(1) It shall be the duty of the occupier of a worksite where any formwork structure is situated to comply with paragraphs (2) to (5).
(2) Placement of concrete shall not be carried out in such manner as to affect the stability of the formwork structure in a worksite.
(3) Where a formwork structure in a worksite is designed by a professional engineer, placement of concrete shall not commence unless the formwork structure, including any alteration thereto, has been inspected and certified by the professional engineer.
(4) No person shall be in the vicinity of a formwork structure in a worksite during the placement of concrete unless his presence is incidental to the concrete work in progress.
(5) The formwork supervisor shall regularly inspect a formwork structure in a worksite during the placement of concrete to monitor the stability and soundness of the formwork structure.
(6) It shall be the duty of a formwork supervisor to take, so far as is reasonably practicable, such measures as are necessary to ensure that any inspection carried out under paragraph (5) is conducted properly.
Dismantling
66.—(1) It shall be the duty of the occupier of a worksite where any formwork structure situated therein is to be dismantled to comply with paragraphs (2), (3) and (4).
(2) Dismantling of a formwork structure in a worksite shall not commence until the concrete is set.
(3) Materials dismantled from the formwork structure shall be removed promptly or stock-piled in areas where persons are not required to work or pass.
(4) Protruding nails, wire ties and other form of accessories not necessary to subsequent work shall be pulled, cut or otherwise made safe.
Steel reinforcement
67. It shall be the duty of the occupier of a worksite to ensure that steel reinforcement for any column, wall, floor or any other structure in the worksite is adequately supported to prevent collapse.
Reshoring
68.—(1) It shall be the duty of the occupier of a worksite where reshoring is carried out to comply with paragraphs (2) to (5).
(2) Reshoring shall be provided when necessary to safely support slabs and beams after a formwork structure in a worksite is dismantled, or where such slabs or beams are subjected to any superimposed load due to any construction work above.
(3) The reshoring shall be properly seated top and bottom and shall be secured in place to prevent displacement.
(4) Where the reshores rest upon the ground, sole plates shall be provided.
(5) The reshoring shall be inspected by the formwork supervisor and the results of the inspection shall be entered by the formwork supervisor into a register.
(6) It shall be the duty of a formwork supervisor to take, so far as is reasonably practicable, such measures as are necessary to ensure that any inspection carried out under paragraph (5) is conducted properly.
